Zhu A
The Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, The New York Blood Center, New York 10021, USA.
Semin Hematol. 2000 Apr;37(2):143-9. doi: 10.1016/s0037-1963(00)90039-8.
Advances in the field of xenotransplantation raise the intriguing possibility of using porcine red blood cells (pRBCs) as an alternative source for blood transfusion. The domestic pig is considered the most likely donor species for xenotransplantation. However, identification of xenoantigens on porcine erythrocytes and elucidation of their possible roles in antibody-mediated RBC destruction are necessary for developing clinical strategies to circumvent immunological incompatibility between humans and pigs. Although the alphaGal epitope (Galalpha1,3Galbeta1,4GIcNAc-R) is the major xenoantigen on porcine erythrocytes and is responsible for the binding of the majority of human natural antibodies, other non-alphaGal xenoantigens have been identified. The importance of these non-alphaGal xenoantigens in binding human natural antibodies and subsequently triggering immunological responses cannot be underestimated. Our data suggest that non-alphaGal xenoantigen(s) identified on the porcine erythrocyte membrane are not only recognized by xenoreactive human natural antibodies but are also involved in complement-mediated hemolysis.
异种移植领域的进展提出了一种有趣的可能性，即使用猪红细胞（pRBCs）作为输血的替代来源。家猪被认为是异种移植最有可能的供体物种。然而，鉴定猪红细胞上的异种抗原并阐明它们在抗体介导的红细胞破坏中的可能作用，对于制定临床策略以规避人类与猪之间的免疫不相容性是必要的。尽管α-半乳糖表位（Galα1,3Galβ1,4GIcNAc-R）是猪红细胞上的主要异种抗原，并且是大多数人类天然抗体结合的原因，但其他非α-半乳糖异种抗原也已被鉴定出来。这些非α-半乳糖异种抗原在结合人类天然抗体并随后引发免疫反应中的重要性不可低估。我们的数据表明，在猪红细胞膜上鉴定出的非α-半乳糖异种抗原不仅被异种反应性人类天然抗体识别，而且还参与补体介导的溶血。
