Paul-Murphy J R, Brunson D B, Miletic V
Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
Am J Vet Res. 1999 Oct;60(10):1218-21.
To evaluate effects of butorphanol tartrate and buprenorphine hydrochloride on withdrawal threshold to a noxious stimulus in conscious African grey parrots.
29 African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus and Psittacus erithacus timneh).
Birds were fitted with an electrode on the medial metatarsal region of the right leg, placed into a test box, and allowed to acclimate. An electrical stimulus (range, 0.0 to 1.46 mA) was delivered to each bird's foot through an aluminum perch. A withdrawal response was recorded when the bird lifted its foot from the perch or vigorously flinched its wings. Baseline threshold to a noxious electrical stimulus was determined. Birds then were randomly assigned to receive an i.m. injection of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, butorphanol (1.0 mg/kg of body weight), or buprenorphine (0.1 mg/kg), and threshold values were determined again.
Butorphanol significantly increased threshold value, but saline solution or buprenorphine did not significantly change threshold values.
Butorphanol had an analgesic effect, significantly increasing the threshold to electrical stimuli in African grey parrots. Buprenorphine at the dosage used did not change the threshold to electrical stimulus. Butorphanol provided an analgesic response in half of the birds tested. Butorphanol would be expected to provide analgesia to African grey parrots in a clinical setting.
评估酒石酸布托啡诺和盐酸丁丙诺啡对有意识的非洲灰鹦鹉有害刺激撤药阈值的影响。
29只非洲灰鹦鹉（非洲灰鹦鹉指名亚种和非洲灰鹦鹉提姆那亚种）。
给鸟的右腿内侧跖骨区域安装电极，放入测试箱中使其适应环境。通过铝制栖木向每只鸟的足部施加电刺激（范围为0.0至1.46 mA）。当鸟将脚从栖木上抬起或剧烈抖动翅膀时记录撤药反应。确定对有害电刺激的基线阈值。然后将鸟随机分配接受肌肉注射生理盐水（0.9%氯化钠）溶液、布托啡诺（1.0 mg/kg体重）或丁丙诺啡（0.1 mg/kg），并再次确定阈值。
布托啡诺显著提高阈值，但生理盐水溶液或丁丙诺啡未显著改变阈值。
布托啡诺具有镇痛作用，可显著提高非洲灰鹦鹉对电刺激的阈值。所用剂量的丁丙诺啡未改变对电刺激的阈值。布托啡诺在一半测试鸟中产生了镇痛反应。预计布托啡诺在临床环境中可为非洲灰鹦鹉提供镇痛作用。
