Briscoe V J, Pichert J W
Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee 37209, USA.
ABNF J. 1999 Sep-Oct;10(5):111-5.
Some African Americans with (or at risk for) diabetes underutilize health care services. We report short-term results of a "training of trainers" workshop designed to address this problem. The training program includes culturally sensitive educational materials, including materials developed for the ADA's African American Program (AAP). Workshops were presented to a) the 1996 national meeting of the predominantly black National Missionary Baptist Convention's Nurses Guilds, b) a minority-owned, TN based managed care organization's "community outreach workers," and c) other interested community organizations. Evaluations were based on program satisfaction and an "intention to change" procedure that assessed participants' actions and the obstacles they faced 6 months later. Sixty-four group representatives from 13 states participated. They completed a satisfaction questionnaire and were asked to complete a form that asked them to check any of 12 diabetes-related actions (distributing ADA risk tests, offering AAP classes, etc.) they intended their church/community group to take within six months. Activities not listed could be added. Follow-up contact information was solicited. Satisfaction surveys were positive. 39 (61%) returned checklists with complete contact information. Intentions included: arrange for congregation/community group to take risk test (71% of respondents), distribute diabetes materials at community health fairs or church services (67%), present AAP modules (59%), promote healthy foods at pot luck suppers (56%) and arrange cooking or exercise classes (38%). Respondents were contacted by telephone 6 months post-workshop and asked whether they had fulfilled their intentions. Contact information for 6 (15%) was no longer valid, and we were unable to reach 7 others despite repeated attempts. Approximately 30% of intentions were fulfilled by nurses guild members, but less than 10% by other groups. Half of all fulfilled intentions occurred in a community served by an active ADA AAP Coalition. Barriers to fulfilling intentions included lack of time/support, group not ready to act or doing other programs, and failure to collaborate with the ADA or others for mutual assistance. Existing agencies, especially churches with nurses guilds, offer a means for promoting diabetes screening and awareness in African American communities. A training workshop was well received and influenced some participant groups' self-reported actions. Participants appear more likely to fulfill intentions to conduct diabetes-related programs when they collaborate with other churches, agencies and/or the ADA.
一些患有糖尿病（或有糖尿病风险）的非裔美国人未充分利用医疗保健服务。我们报告了一个旨在解决这一问题的“培训培训师”研讨会的短期成果。培训项目包括具有文化敏感性的教育材料，包括为美国糖尿病协会（ADA）的非裔美国人项目（AAP）开发的材料。研讨会面向以下群体举办：a）主要由黑人组成的全国传教士浸信会护士公会1996年全国会议；b）一家总部位于田纳西州的少数族裔所有的管理式医疗组织的“社区外展工作者”；c）其他感兴趣的社区组织。评估基于项目满意度以及一种“改变意向”程序，该程序评估参与者的行动以及他们在6个月后面临的障碍。来自13个州的64名团体代表参加了会议。他们填写了一份满意度调查问卷，并被要求填写一份表格，在表格中勾选他们希望其教会/社区团体在六个月内采取的12项与糖尿病相关的行动（分发ADA风险测试、提供AAP课程等）。未列出的活动也可添加。我们还收集了后续联系信息。满意度调查结果良好。39人（61%）返还了附有完整联系信息的清单。意向包括：安排会众/社区团体进行风险测试（71%的受访者）、在社区健康集市或教堂礼拜时分发糖尿病相关材料（67%）、展示AAP模块（59%）、在聚餐晚餐时推广健康食品（56%）以及安排烹饪或健身课程（38%）。在研讨会结束6个月后，我们通过电话联系受访者，询问他们是否实现了自己的意向。6人（15%）的联系信息已无效，尽管我们多次尝试，仍无法联系到另外7人。护士公会成员实现了约30%的意向，但其他团体实现的意向不到10%。所有已实现的意向中有一半发生在一个有活跃的ADA AAP联盟服务的社区。实现意向的障碍包括缺乏时间/支持、团体尚未准备好采取行动或正在开展其他项目，以及未能与ADA或其他方面合作以获得相互帮助。现有机构，特别是拥有护士公会的教会，为在非裔美国人社区推广糖尿病筛查和提高认识提供了一种途径。一个培训研讨会受到了好评，并影响了一些参与团体自我报告的行动。当参与者与其他教会、机构和/或ADA合作时，他们似乎更有可能实现开展与糖尿病相关项目的意向。
