Kramer M S
Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 1A2.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;1996(2):CD000118. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000118.
To assess the effects of providing pregnant women with isocaloric protein supplements (ie where the protein replaces an equal quantity of nonprotein energy) on gestational weight gain and on the outcome of pregnancy.
The register of clinical trials maintained and updated by the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group.
All acceptably controlled comparisons of isocaloric protein supplementation, as long as the protein content of the supplement was 'balanced', ie the protein provided <25% of its total energy content.
Data were extracted by the author from published reports, and supplemented by additional information from trialists contacted by the author.
Three trials involving 966 women were included. The results suggest a decrease in maternal weight gain and mean birth weight and an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births with isocaloric protein supplementation, but no effect on mean gestational age or preterm birth. The data are insufficient to exclude potentially important effects on fetal or neonatal mortality, and maternal health outcomes have not been reported.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Balanced protein supplementation alone (ie without energy supplementation) is unlikely to be of benefit to pregnant women or their infants.
评估为孕妇提供等热量蛋白质补充剂（即蛋白质替代等量非蛋白质能量）对孕期体重增加及妊娠结局的影响。
Cochrane妊娠与分娩小组维护并更新的临床试验注册库。
所有对等热量蛋白质补充剂进行的可接受对照比较，只要补充剂的蛋白质含量“均衡”，即蛋白质提供的能量占其总能量的比例小于25%。
作者从已发表的报告中提取数据，并通过与作者联系的试验者提供的额外信息进行补充。
纳入了三项涉及966名女性的试验。结果表明，补充等热量蛋白质会使孕妇体重增加和平均出生体重降低，小于胎龄儿（SGA）出生风险增加，但对平均孕周或早产无影响。数据不足以排除对胎儿或新生儿死亡率的潜在重要影响，且未报告对孕产妇健康结局的影响。
仅补充均衡蛋白质（即不补充能量）不太可能对孕妇或其婴儿有益。
