预防鼠疫的疫苗。
Vaccines for preventing plague.
作者信息
Jefferson T, Demicheli V, Pratt M
机构信息
Army Medical Directorate 5, Ministry of Defence, Building 21a, Keogh Barracks, Ash Vale, HANTS, UK, GU12 5RR.
出版信息
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;1998(2):CD000976. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000976.
BACKGROUND
Plague is endemic in China, Mongolia, Burma, Vietnam, Indonesia, India, large parts of Southern Africa, the United States and South America. There are three types of vaccines (live attenuated, killed and F1 fraction) with varying means of administration.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this review was to assess the effects of vaccines to prevent plague.
SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and reference lists of articles. We handsearched the journal 'Vaccine' and contacted experts in the field.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised trials comparing live and killed plague vaccines against no intervention, placebo, other plague vaccines or vaccines against other disease (control vaccines).
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Three reviewers assessed the eligibility of trials.
MAIN RESULTS
No trials were included.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: There is not enough evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of any plague vaccine, or the relative effectiveness between vaccines and their tolerability. Circumstantial data from observational studies suggest that killed types may be more effective and have fewer adverse effects than attenuated types of vaccine. No evidence appears to exist on the long-term effects of any plague vaccine.
背景
鼠疫在中国、蒙古、缅甸、越南、印度尼西亚、印度、南部非洲大部分地区、美国和南美洲呈地方性流行。有三种类型的疫苗（减毒活疫苗、灭活疫苗和F1组分疫苗），接种方式各不相同。
目的
本综述的目的是评估预防鼠疫疫苗的效果。
检索策略
我们检索了Medline、Embase、Cochrane对照试验注册库及文章的参考文献列表。我们手工检索了《疫苗》杂志，并联系了该领域的专家。
选择标准
比较减毒活鼠疫疫苗和灭活鼠疫疫苗与不干预、安慰剂、其他鼠疫疫苗或其他疾病疫苗（对照疫苗）的随机试验。
数据收集与分析
三位评价者评估试验的合格性。
主要结果
未纳入任何试验。
评价者结论
没有足够的证据来评估任何鼠疫疫苗的有效性，或不同疫苗之间的相对有效性及其耐受性。观察性研究的间接数据表明，灭活疫苗可能比减毒活疫苗更有效，且不良反应更少。没有证据表明任何鼠疫疫苗有长期影响。
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