Evans J R, Henshaw K
'Glaxo' Department of Ophthalmology Epidemiology, Institute of Ophthalmology (UCL) and Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, London, UK, EC1V 2PD.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(2):CD000253. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000253.
Some observational studies have suggested that people who eat a diet rich in antioxidant vitamins (carotenoids, vitamins C and E) or minerals (selenium and zinc) may be less likely to develop age-related macular degeneration.
The aim of this review is to examine the evidence as to whether or not taking vitamin or mineral supplements prevents the development of age-related macular degeneration.
We searched the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group specialised register, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register - Central, MEDLINE, reference lists of identified reports and the Science Citation Index. We contacted investigators and experts in the field for details of unpublished studies. The most recent searches were conducted in June 1999.
All randomised trials comparing an antioxidant vitamin and/or mineral supplement (alone or in combination) to control were included. We included only studies where supplementation had been given for at least one year.
Both reviewers independently extracted data and assessed trial quality. Currently there is only one published trial included in the review so no data synthesis was conducted.
One trial is included in the review. This was a primary prevention trial in Finnish male smokers with four treatment groups: alpha-tocopherol alone, beta-carotene alone, alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene, placebo. The add-on maculopathy study was conducted in a subset of the main trial cohort. 269 cases of maculopathy (14 late stage age-related macular degeneration) were identified. There was no association of age-related macular degeneration with treatment.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence to date that people without age-related macular degeneration should take antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent or delay the onset of the disease. The results of five large ongoing trials are awaited.
一些观察性研究表明，饮食中富含抗氧化维生素（类胡萝卜素、维生素C和E）或矿物质（硒和锌）的人患年龄相关性黄斑变性的可能性可能较小。
本综述的目的是研究服用维生素或矿物质补充剂是否能预防年龄相关性黄斑变性的发生。
我们检索了Cochrane眼科与视觉组专业注册库、Cochrane对照试验注册库——中心库、MEDLINE、已识别报告的参考文献列表以及科学引文索引。我们联系了该领域的研究人员和专家以获取未发表研究的详细信息。最近一次检索于1999年6月进行。
纳入所有将抗氧化维生素和/或矿物质补充剂（单独或联合使用）与对照组进行比较的随机试验。我们仅纳入了补充剂服用时间至少为一年的研究。
两位综述作者独立提取数据并评估试验质量。目前该综述仅纳入了一项已发表的试验，因此未进行数据综合分析。
该综述纳入了一项试验。这是一项针对芬兰男性吸烟者的一级预防试验，有四个治疗组：单独使用α-生育酚、单独使用β-胡萝卜素、α-生育酚和β-胡萝卜素、安慰剂。附加黄斑病变研究在主要试验队列的一个子集中进行。共识别出269例黄斑病变（14例晚期年龄相关性黄斑变性）。年龄相关性黄斑变性与治疗之间无关联。
迄今为止，没有证据表明没有年龄相关性黄斑变性的人应服用抗氧化维生素和矿物质补充剂来预防或延缓该疾病的发生。正在等待五项大型试验的结果。
