Shepard B
David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Health Hum Rights. 2000;4(2):110-43.
This article examines how political controversies affect citizens' ability to exercise sexual and reproductive rights in Latin America. The article argues that societies accommodate conflicting views on sexuality and reproduction with a "double discourse system," which defends repressive or negligent public policies while privately tolerating unofficial and often illegal mechanisms that expand private sexual and reproductive choices. The examples of divorce policy in Chile and abortion policy in Colombia and Chile are highlighted to illustrate how this breach between public discourse and private actions operates in practice, and who is harmed by it. The article concludes by discussing the implications of this system for rights advocacy.
本文探讨了政治争议如何影响拉丁美洲公民行使性权利和生殖权利的能力。文章认为，社会通过一种“双重话语体系”来调和关于性与生殖的相互冲突的观点，这种体系一方面捍卫压制性或疏忽性的公共政策，另一方面私下容忍那些扩大个人性选择和生殖选择的非官方且往往非法的机制。文中重点列举了智利的离婚政策以及哥伦比亚和智利的堕胎政策等例子，以说明公共话语与私人行为之间的这种脱节在实际中是如何运作的，以及谁会因此受到伤害。文章最后讨论了这一体系对权利倡导的影响。
