Rauh M J, Margherita A J, Rice S G, Koepsell T D, Rivara F P
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle 98052, USA.
Clin J Sport Med. 2000 Apr;10(2):110-6. doi: 10.1097/00042752-200004000-00005.
To determine the incidence rate of injury among high school cross country runners over a 15-year period.
Prospective-longitudinal.
Twenty-three high schools in western Washington State under the surveillance of the University of Washington Athletic Health Care System between 1979-1994.
One hundred and ninety-nine cross country teams.
Injuries resulting from running in a cross country practice or meet.
There were 1,622 injuries for an overall injury rate of 13.1/1,000 athletic exposures (AEs), i.e., participation of a runner in a practice or meet. Girls had a significantly higher overall injury rate (16.7/1,000 AEs) than boys (10.9/1,000 AEs) (p < 0.0001). Girls also had significantly higher injury rates than boys for both initial (p < 0.0001) and subsequent injuries (p < 0.0001), especially those at the same body location (p = 0.0001). This difference in risk estimates was consistent over a 15-year period. Nearly three-fourths of the injuries resulted in < or =4 days of disability. Overall, higher rates of initial injuries were reported during practices (9.2/1,000 AEs) than in meets (7.8/1,000 AEs) (p = 0.04). Shin injuries had the highest overall rates of new injury (1.9/1,000 AEs) and reinjury at the same body location (53.9/1,000 AEs). Girls had significantly higher initial injury rates than boys for shin (p < 0.0001), hip. and foot injuries (p < 0.01), and higher reinjury rates for knee. calf, and foot injuries, respectively (p < 0.05).
The results of this study suggest that girl cross country runners are at higher risk of injury and reinjury than boy cross country runners.
确定15年间高中越野赛跑运动员的受伤发生率。
前瞻性纵向研究。
1979年至1994年期间，华盛顿大学运动医疗保健系统监测下的华盛顿州西部23所高中。
199支越野赛跑队。
越野训练或比赛中跑步导致的损伤。
共发生1622例损伤，总损伤率为13.1/1000次运动暴露（AE），即运动员参加一次训练或比赛。女孩的总损伤率（16.7/1000 AE）显著高于男孩（10.9/1000 AE）（p<0.0001）。女孩在初次损伤（p<0.0001）和后续损伤方面的发生率也显著高于男孩（p<0.0001），尤其是在相同身体部位的损伤（p = 0.0001）。在15年期间，这种风险估计的差异是一致的。近四分之三的损伤导致残疾时间≤4天。总体而言，训练期间初次损伤的发生率（9.2/1000 AE）高于比赛期间（7.8/1000 AE）（p = 0.04）。胫骨损伤的新损伤总体发生率最高（1.9/1000 AE），相同身体部位的再次损伤发生率最高（53.9/1000 AE）。女孩胫骨（p<0.0001）、髋部和足部损伤的初次损伤发生率显著高于男孩（p<0.01），膝部、小腿和足部损伤的再次损伤发生率分别高于男孩（p<0.05）。
本研究结果表明，女子高中越野赛跑运动员比男子高中越野赛跑运动员受伤和再次受伤的风险更高。
