Kumagai S, Koda S, Miyakita T, Yamaguchi H, Katagi K, Yasuda N
Department of Occupational Health, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Japan.
Occup Environ Med. 2000 Mar;57(3):204-10. doi: 10.1136/oem.57.3.204.
To find whether concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in serum increased in workers at municipal incinerators that burn continuously.
30 Workers employed at three municipal waste incineration plants (incinerator workers) and 30 control workers were studied. The incinerator workers had worn dust masks or airline masks during the periodic repair work inside the incinerators. Previous job, dietary habit, smoking habit, distance from residence to the incineration plant, and body weight and height were obtained from a questionnaire survey. Concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs were measured in the serum of the workers and the dust deposited in the plants. The influence of various factors on serum concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs was examined by multiple regression analysis.
Dust analysis showed the greatest amount of octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), followed by 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HpCDD), 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran (HpCDF), and octachlorodibenzofuran (OCDF). The toxicity equivalents (TEQs) of PCDDs and PCDFs in the deposited dust were 4.8, 1.0, and 6.4 ng TEQs/g, respectively, for plants A, B, and C. The mean serum TEQs of PCDDs and PCDFs in the incinerator workers and control workers were 19.2 and 22.9 pg TEQs/g lipid, respectively, for area A, 28.8 and 24.5 pg TEQs/g lipid for area B, and 23.4 and 23.6 pg TEQs/g lipid for area C. No significant differences were found between the incinerator workers and the controls for TEQs of PCDDs and PCDFs separately, and TEQs of PCDDs and PCDFs together. However, the serum 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF concentration was significantly higher in the incinerator workers than in the controls for all the three areas. When the exposure index to 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF is defined as the product of the concentration of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF in the deposited dust and duration of employment, the concentration of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF in serum increased as the exposure index increased. Multivariate analysis suggested that the serum concentration of HpCDF increased with duration of employment at the incineration plants and OCDF increased with employment of > or = 21 years. The other significant variables (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) were area for hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HxCDD) and tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF), Brinkman index for HpCDD, and body mass index (BMI) for tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), HpCDD, and TEQs of PCDDs.
The serum TEQs of PCDDs and PCDFs was not significantly higher among the incinerator workers, but the serum concentration of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF was. This suggests that the incinerator workers had inhaled dust containing PCDDs and PCDFs while working in plants equipped with incinerators that burn continuously.
探究在持续运行的城市垃圾焚烧厂工作的工人血清中多氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二噁英（PCDDs）和多氯代二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）的浓度是否升高。
对三家城市垃圾焚烧厂的30名工人（焚烧厂工人）和30名对照工人进行了研究。焚烧厂工人在焚烧炉内定期维修工作期间佩戴了防尘口罩或送风口罩。通过问卷调查获取了他们以前的工作、饮食习惯、吸烟习惯、住所到焚烧厂的距离以及体重和身高信息。测量了工人血清和工厂内沉积灰尘中PCDDs/PCDFs的浓度。通过多元回归分析研究了各种因素对PCDDs/PCDFs血清浓度的影响。
灰尘分析显示八氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二噁英（OCDD）含量最高，其次是1,2,3,4,6,7,8 - 七氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二噁英（HpCDD）、1,2,3,4,6,7,8 - 七氯代二苯并呋喃（HpCDF）和八氯代二苯并呋喃（OCDF）。A、B、C三个工厂沉积灰尘中PCDDs和PCDFs的毒性当量（TEQs）分别为4.8、1.0和6.4 ng TEQs/g。A区域焚烧厂工人和对照工人血清中PCDDs和PCDFs的平均TEQs分别为19.2和22.9 pg TEQs/g脂质，B区域为28.8和24.5 pg TEQs/g脂质，C区域为23.4和23.6 pg TEQs/g脂质。焚烧厂工人和对照工人在PCDDs和PCDFs的TEQs单独以及PCDDs和PCDFs的TEQs总和方面均未发现显著差异。然而，在所有三个区域中，焚烧厂工人血清中1,2,3,4,6,7,8 - HpCDF的浓度均显著高于对照工人。当将1,2,3,4,6,7,8 - HpCDF的暴露指数定义为沉积灰尘中1,2,3,4,6,7,8 - HpCDF浓度与工作时长的乘积时，血清中1,2,3,4,6,7,8 - HpCDF的浓度随暴露指数的增加而升高。多变量分析表明，血清中HpCDF的浓度随在焚烧厂的工作时长增加而升高，OCDF的浓度随工作≥21年而升高。其他显著变量（p < 0.01或p < 0.001）包括六氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二噁英（HxCDD）和四氯代二苯并呋喃（TCDF）的区域、HpCDD的布氏指数以及四氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二噁英（TCDD）、HpCDD和PCDDs的TEQs的体重指数（BMI）。
焚烧厂工人血清中PCDDs和PCDFs的TEQs没有显著升高，但1,2,3,4,6,7,8 - HpCDF的血清浓度升高。这表明焚烧厂工人在配备持续运行焚烧炉的工厂工作时吸入了含有PCDDs和PCDFs的灰尘。
