[Atopic dermatitis: the first allergic step in children].

Atopic dermatitis is an early manifestation of atopy and is frequently present already during the first year of life. Atopic dermatitis is often associated with increased levels of serum IgE and with sensitization to food allergens. Some foods may be responsible for exacerbations of skin inflammation, but their pathogenic role need to be clinically assessed before an avoidance diet is prescribed. Staphylococcus aureus, which is known to colonize the skin of atopic dermatitis patients, may also exacerbate skin lesions and need to be treated with topical antibiotics. Children with atopic dermatitis are prone to allergies and are at risk to develop later respiratory allergic manifestations. In particular, if a sensitization to egg is present early in life, the risk for developing later an asthma due to house dust mites is increased. The care of children with atopic dermatitis should not be limited to the treatment of skin lesions, but should also involve preventive measures for respiratory allergies.