Hannon P R, Willis S K, Bishop-Townsend V, Martinez I M, Scrimshaw S C
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2000 Jun;26(6):399-407. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(99)00076-2.
To explore minority teen mothers' perceptions of breastfeeding and the influences on infant feeding choices.
A qualitative study using semistructured ethnographic interviews and focus groups involving 35 Latina and African-American girls in Chicago between the ages of 12 and 19 years who were primiparous and were currently pregnant or had delivered within the past 3 months.
Adolescents identified three main influences on infant feeding decisions and practices: (a) their perceptions of the benefits of breastfeeding, (b) their perceptions of the problems with breastfeeding, and (c) influential people. In this study, teens reported no single influence which determined infant feeding choices. The decision to breastfeed was a dynamic process. Teens recognized that breastfeeding offered many benefits including facilitating maternal-child bonding and promoting the baby's health, but concern was raised regarding a potential for excessive attachment between teen mother and baby. Fear of pain, embarrassment with public exposure, and unease with the act of breastfeeding acted as barriers for teenagers who were considering breastfeeding. Teenagers discussed the breast pump as a strategy in dealing with these barriers. The adolescents' mothers continued to be an important influence.
The ranges of perceptions and influences that minority adolescent mothers have identified as affecting their infant feeding choices, illustrated and explained in the teens' own words, are helpful to health care providers as they counsel teen mothers about infant feeding options.
探讨少数族裔青少年母亲对母乳喂养的看法及其对婴儿喂养选择的影响。
采用定性研究方法，运用半结构化人种学访谈和焦点小组访谈，研究对象为芝加哥35名年龄在12至19岁之间的拉丁裔和非裔美国初产妇，她们目前处于孕期或在过去3个月内已分娩。
青少年确定了对婴儿喂养决策和行为的三个主要影响因素：（a）她们对母乳喂养益处的看法；（b）她们对母乳喂养问题的看法；（c）有影响力的人。在本研究中，青少年表示没有单一因素决定婴儿喂养选择。母乳喂养的决定是一个动态过程。青少年认识到母乳喂养有诸多益处，包括促进母婴亲密关系和增进婴儿健康，但也有人担心青少年母亲与婴儿之间可能过度依恋。对疼痛的恐惧、在公共场合暴露身体的尴尬以及对母乳喂养行为的不自在，成为了考虑母乳喂养的青少年的障碍。青少年讨论了使用吸奶器作为应对这些障碍的策略。青少年的母亲仍然是一个重要的影响因素。
少数族裔青少年母亲所确定的影响其婴儿喂养选择的各种看法和影响因素，用青少年自己的话进行了说明和解释，这对医疗保健提供者在为青少年母亲提供婴儿喂养选择咨询时很有帮助。
