Jensen S E
Department of Crop Protection, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark.
J Econ Entomol. 2000 Apr;93(2):464-71. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-93.2.464.
Biochemical mechanisms associated with methiocarb resistance were examined in laboratory-selected and field populations of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Seven populations were examined and they differed in their susceptibility to methiocarb by 30 times. Including the synergists piperonyl butoxide, a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase inhibitor, or S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate, an esterase inhibitor, in the methiocarb bioassays partially suppressed resistance in the most resistant populations. In vitro assays of general esterase, glutathione S-transferase, and acetylcholinesterase activities showed increased activity in some of the resistant populations and increased activity of the enzymes after methiocarb selection on one of the populations. Assays of acetylcholinesterase sensitivity to inhibition by methiocarb, dichlorvos, and eserine suggested insensitive acetylcholinesterase in two of the resistant populations. These results indicate that methiocarb resistance in F. occidentalis was polyfactorial and involved detoxification and altered target site. None of the biochemical assays showed interpopulation enzymatic differences strongly correlated with the level of methiocarb resistance. The possibilities for developing rapid biochemical diagnostic assays to detect methiocarb resistance in F. occidentalis are discussed.
在实验室选育和野外采集的西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)种群中，研究了与抗甲萘威相关的生化机制。共检测了7个种群，它们对甲萘威的敏感性相差30倍。在甲萘威生物测定中加入增效剂胡椒基丁醚（一种细胞色素P - 450单加氧酶抑制剂）或S,S,S - 三丁基三硫代磷酸酯（一种酯酶抑制剂），可部分抑制抗性最强种群的抗性。对一般酯酶、谷胱甘肽S - 转移酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的体外测定表明，一些抗性种群的酶活性增加，且其中一个种群经甲萘威选择后酶活性增强。对乙酰胆碱酯酶对甲萘威、敌敌畏和毒扁豆碱抑制作用的敏感性测定表明，两个抗性种群中的乙酰胆碱酯酶不敏感。这些结果表明，西花蓟马对甲萘威的抗性是多因素的，涉及解毒作用和靶标位点改变。没有一种生化测定显示种群间的酶差异与甲萘威抗性水平有强烈相关性。本文还讨论了开发快速生化诊断测定方法以检测西花蓟马对甲萘威抗性的可能性。
