Jacobson S, Jerrier H
Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2000 Apr;5(2):86-92. doi: 10.153/SCNP00500086.
Electroencephalography (EEG) is an inexpensive and noninvasive probe of functional brain activity that is one of the few clinically accessible measures capable of detecting changes in delirium. In EEG characteristics of delirium include slowing or dropout of the posterior dominant rhythm, generalized theta or delta slow-wave activity, poor organization of the background rhythm, and loss of reactivity of the EEG to eye opening and closing. These are paralleled by the quantitative EEG (QEEG) findings of increased absolute and relative slow-wave (theta and delta) power, reduced ratio of fast-to-slow band power, reduced mean frequency, and reduced occipital peak frequency. In alcohol and sedative withdrawal, EEG findings may include attenuation of voltage and prominence of beta activity. Specificity of EEG and QEEG findings in delirium has been questioned, particularly vis-'a-vis EEG changes in normal aging and in dementia. As noted in the text, however, specificity can be increased by the use of careful data acquisition and skillful interpretation. In the future, it is expected that QEEG methods will largely replace EEG in application to delirium.
脑电图（EEG）是一种用于探测大脑功能活动的廉价且非侵入性的手段，是少数几种临床上可用于检测谵妄变化的方法之一。谵妄的脑电图特征包括后头部优势节律减慢或消失、广泛性θ或δ慢波活动、背景节律紊乱以及脑电图对睁眼和闭眼反应性丧失。这些在定量脑电图（QEEG）结果中表现为绝对和相对慢波（θ和δ）功率增加、快波与慢波频段功率比值降低、平均频率降低以及枕部峰值频率降低。在酒精和镇静剂戒断时，脑电图结果可能包括电压衰减和β活动增强。谵妄中脑电图和QEEG结果的特异性受到质疑，尤其是相对于正常衰老和痴呆中的脑电图变化。然而，如文中所述，通过仔细的数据采集和熟练的解读可以提高特异性。未来，预计QEEG方法在应用于谵妄时将在很大程度上取代脑电图。
