Beauchamp M S, Haxby J V, Rosen A C, DeYoe E A
Section on Functional Brain Imaging, National Institute of Mental Health, 10 Center Drive MSC 1366, Building 10, Room 4C104, Bethesda, MD 20892-1366, USA.
Neuropsychologia. 2000;38(8):1170-9. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3932(00)00017-8.
Evidence from imaging studies suggests that primary visual cortex and multiple areas in ventral occipitotemporal cortex subserve color perception in humans. To learn more about the organization of these areas, we used structural and functional MRI (fMRI) to examine a patient with damage to ventral cortex. An art professor, KG, suffered a cerebrovascular accident during heart surgery that impaired his ability to perceive color. The Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test was used to assess the extent of his deficit. When tested 12 months after the lesion, KG performed worse than 95% of age-matched normals on the 100-Hue test, but well above chance. Structural and functional MRI studies were conducted 3 years after the lesion to investigate the neuroanatomical correlates of KG'ss remaining color ability. Structural MRI revealed bilateral damage to ventral occipitotemporal cortex. In young and age-matched normal controls, an fMRI version of the 100-Hue reliably activated bilateral, color-selective regions in primary visual cortex and anterior and posterior ventral cortex. In subject KG, color-selective cortex was found in bilateral primary visual cortex. In ventral cortex, no color-selective activity was observed in right ventral cortex, and only a small area of activity was observed in left anterior ventral cortex. However, significant color-selective activity was observed in posterior left ventral cortex spared by the lesion. This posterior left ventral activation was similar in extent, position, and degree of color-selectivity to the posterior left posterior activation observed in normal controls, suggesting that this focus may be the cortical substrate underlying KG's remaining color perception.
影像学研究的证据表明，人类的初级视觉皮层和枕颞叶腹侧的多个区域参与颜色感知。为了更深入了解这些区域的组织情况，我们使用结构和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）对一名腹侧皮层受损的患者进行了检查。艺术教授KG在心脏手术期间发生了脑血管意外，导致他的颜色感知能力受损。使用法恩斯沃思-芒塞尔100色调试验评估其缺陷程度。在损伤后12个月进行测试时，KG在100色调试验中的表现比95%年龄匹配的正常人差，但远高于随机水平。在损伤后3年进行了结构和功能磁共振成像研究，以探究KG剩余颜色感知能力的神经解剖学关联。结构磁共振成像显示枕颞叶腹侧皮层双侧受损。在年轻及年龄匹配的正常对照组中，100色调试验的fMRI版本可靠地激活了初级视觉皮层以及腹侧皮层前后部的双侧颜色选择性区域。在KG受试者中，双侧初级视觉皮层发现了颜色选择性皮层。在腹侧皮层，右侧腹侧皮层未观察到颜色选择性活动，仅在左侧腹侧皮层前部观察到一小片活动区域。然而，在损伤未累及的左侧腹侧皮层后部观察到了显著的颜色选择性活动。左侧腹侧皮层后部的这种激活在范围、位置和颜色选择性程度上与正常对照组中观察到的左侧后部激活相似，这表明这个区域可能是KG剩余颜色感知的皮层基础。
