Emerson A J, Kappenman D P, Ronan P J, Renner K J, Summers C H
Department of Biology and Neuroscience Group, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, SD 57069-2390, USA.
Behav Brain Res. 2000 Jun 15;111(1-2):83-92. doi: 10.1016/s0166-4328(00)00143-1.
Rapid activation of central serotonergic systems occurs in response to the social stress of aggression in dominant lizards. The most rapid expression of serotonergic activity occurs in nucleus accumbens, hippocampus and brainstem. To compare previously measured responses induced by social stressors with those provoked by physical stress, serotonergic activity was examined following restraint stress (handling) and forced physical exertion. After handling, some male Anolis carolinensis were placed on a race track and either run until there was no movement following 1 min of prodding, or half that time. Controls were killed without treatment. Lizards stressed by handling showed rapid (25 s) increases in serotonergic activity (5-HIAA/5-HT) in striatum, dorsal cortex, locus ceruleus, and nucleus accumbens. Other changes in serotonergic systems caused by stress occurred in raphe and hippocampus. Serotonergic changes induced by handling stress were reversed by exercise (to 50% maximal exertion time) in subiculum, striatum and nucleus accumbens. The serotonergic profile of lizards run until they would no longer respond to prodding (maximal exertion time) was significantly different from that for more acute exertion in hippocampus, subiculum, striatum, medial amygdala, locus ceruleus, area postrema, and raphe. Physical stress (handling) mimicked social stress by producing rapid serotonergic changes in hippocampus, subiculum, nucleus accumbens and locus ceruleus. In contrast, the medial amygdala, which has previously been demonstrated to respond serotonergically to social stress only after a temporal delay, did not show a rapid response to restraint stress.
在占主导地位的蜥蜴中，中枢5-羟色胺能系统会因攻击行为的社会压力而迅速激活。5-羟色胺能活性的最快速表达出现在伏隔核、海马体和脑干中。为了比较先前测量的社会应激源诱导的反应与身体应激引发的反应，在束缚应激（处理）和强迫体力消耗后检测了5-羟色胺能活性。处理后，将一些雄性卡罗来纳安乐蜥放在跑道上，要么奔跑直到在持续1分钟的刺激后不再移动，要么奔跑一半的时间。对照组未经处理即被处死。经处理应激的蜥蜴在纹状体、背侧皮质、蓝斑和伏隔核中5-羟色胺能活性（5-羟吲哚乙酸/5-羟色胺）迅速（25秒）增加。应激引起的5-羟色胺能系统的其他变化发生在中缝核和海马体中。在海马旁回、纹状体和伏隔核中，运动（至最大运动时间的50%）可逆转处理应激诱导的5-羟色胺能变化。奔跑至不再对刺激做出反应（最大运动时间）的蜥蜴的5-羟色胺能特征与海马体、海马旁回、纹状体、内侧杏仁核、蓝斑、最后区和中缝核中更急性运动的特征有显著差异。身体应激（处理）通过在海马体、海马旁回、伏隔核和蓝斑中产生快速的5-羟色胺能变化来模拟社会应激。相比之下，内侧杏仁核先前已被证明仅在一段时间延迟后才对社会应激产生5-羟色胺能反应，对束缚应激未表现出快速反应。
