Mollema E D, Snoek F J, Pouwer F, Heine R J, van der Ploeg H M
Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine (EMGO-Institute), Department of Medical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Diabetes Care. 2000 Jun;23(6):765-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.23.6.765.
To study the psychometric properties of the Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-Testing Questionnaire (D-FISQ).
Two groups of patients were studied. Sample A consisted of 252 insulin-treated diabetes patients. Sample B incorporated 24 insulin-treated patients with high scores (> or = 95th percentile) on the D-FISQ. Test-retest correlations were assessed in both samples. Discriminant and convergent validity of the D-FISQ were assessed with questionnaires concerning fear of hypoglycemia, trait anxiety, and fear of bodily injury, illness, or death. To evaluate criterion-related validity, sample B participated in a behavioral avoidance test (BAT), in which the current level of avoidance of either self-injecting or self-testing was determined. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to study whether 2 factors (fear of self-injecting [FSI] and fear of self-testing [FST]) could be detected.
Test-retest correlations ranged from 0.50 to 0.68 (P < 0.001). Correlations between D-FISQ and fear of hypoglycemia, trait anxiety, and fear of bodily injury, illness, or death ranged from 0.28 to 0.45 (P < 0.001). Patients who refused to do a BAT for self-injecting or self-testing had higher scores on FSI (P = 0.095) and FST (P = 0.01). EFA yielded 2 separate factors, FSI and FST.
Results from this study support reliability and validity of the D-FISQ, a self-report instrument that can be used for both clinical and research purposes.
研究糖尿病注射与自我检测恐惧问卷（D-FISQ）的心理测量特性。
对两组患者进行了研究。样本A由252名接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者组成。样本B纳入了24名在D-FISQ上得分较高（≥第95百分位数）的接受胰岛素治疗的患者。在两个样本中评估了重测相关性。使用关于低血糖恐惧、特质焦虑以及身体伤害、疾病或死亡恐惧的问卷评估了D-FISQ的区分效度和聚合效度。为评估效标关联效度，样本B参与了一项行为回避测试（BAT），其中确定了当前自我注射或自我检测的回避水平。进行探索性因素分析（EFA）以研究是否能检测到两个因素（自我注射恐惧[FSI]和自我检测恐惧[FST]）。
重测相关性范围为0.50至0.68（P<0.001）。D-FISQ与低血糖恐惧、特质焦虑以及身体伤害、疾病或死亡恐惧之间的相关性范围为0.28至0.45（P<0.001）。拒绝进行自我注射或自我检测BAT的患者在FSI（P = 0.095）和FST（P = 0.01）上得分更高。EFA产生了两个独立的因素，FSI和FST。
本研究结果支持D-FISQ的可靠性和有效性，这是一种可用于临床和研究目的的自我报告工具。
