Zaridze D, Borisova E, Maximovitch D, Chkhikvadze V
Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of Carcinogenesis, Russian Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow.
Cancer Causes Control. 2000 Apr;11(4):363-71. doi: 10.1023/a:1008907924938.
To examine the risk of gastric cancer associated with alcohol consumption and smoking in men and women in Moscow, Russia.
A case-control study which includes 448 cases and 610 controls was conducted. Cases consisted of patients with newly diagnosed histologically confirmed gastric cancer. Controls were patients admitted during the study period to the hospital with diagnoses other than cancer and/or gastrointestinal diseases. Information on demographic variables, smoking, alcohol consumption and diet was collected from all subjects. Venous blood was drawn from 361 cases and 441 controls. A serological test for Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G was performed.
Alcohol consumption, particularly vodka consumption, was found to increase the risk of gastric cancer. In men the effect of hard liquor drinking was stronger for cancer of the cardia (OR = 3.4, CI = 1.2-10.2), while in women the effect was stronger for cancer of sites other than gastric cardia (OR = 1.5, CI = 1.0-2.3). Smoking increased the risk of developing gastric cancer in men, but not in women. In men a dose-response relationship between mean number of cigarettes smoked per day (p = 0.03), pack-years of cigarettes smoked (p = 0.01) and duration of smoking (p = 0.08) and the risk of cancer of gastric cardia was observed. Further statistical analysis revealed interactions between effect of smoking and alcohol consumption and between smoking and H. pylori infection status.
The findings further support the role of alcohol consumption and smoking in the etiology of gastric cancer.
研究俄罗斯莫斯科男性和女性饮酒及吸烟与胃癌的相关性。
开展一项病例对照研究，包括448例病例和610例对照。病例组为新诊断的经组织学确诊的胃癌患者。对照组为研究期间因非癌症和/或胃肠道疾病入院的患者。收集所有受试者的人口统计学变量、吸烟、饮酒和饮食信息。采集361例病例和441例对照的静脉血，进行幽门螺杆菌免疫球蛋白G的血清学检测。
发现饮酒，尤其是饮用伏特加，会增加患胃癌的风险。在男性中，饮用烈性酒对贲门癌的影响更强（比值比=3.4，可信区间=1.2-10.2），而在女性中，对非贲门部胃癌的影响更强（比值比=1.5，可信区间=1.0-2.3）。吸烟会增加男性患胃癌的风险，但不会增加女性的风险。在男性中，观察到每日平均吸烟量（p=0.03）、吸烟包年数（p=0.01）和吸烟持续时间（p=0.08）与贲门癌风险之间存在剂量反应关系。进一步的统计分析显示，吸烟与饮酒的影响之间以及吸烟与幽门螺杆菌感染状态之间存在相互作用。
这些发现进一步支持了饮酒和吸烟在胃癌病因学中的作用。
