Zwahlen M, Neuenschwander B E, Jeannin A, Dubois-Arber F, Vlahov D
Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Bern.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2000 Feb;16(2):123-33. doi: 10.1023/a:1007638823567.
This study was conducted to describe voluntary HIV testing in the general population in Switzerland and to estimate yearly HIV test incidence. In 1994, a representative telephone survey of individuals aged 17 to 45 years obtained self-reported information on HIV testing. In addition to describing cumulative HIV test incidence, yearly HIV test incidence over time was estimated by a Bayesian hurdle model allowing for the plausible scenario of test consumption differing between first test and subsequent retests. Overall, 33% of the Swiss population (age 17 to 45 years) has been tested at some time for HIV on a voluntary basis (30% men, 36% women). For the time period 1990-1994, the result showed for 35-year-old individuals with supposedly low risk behavior, that 1) annual test incidence (first test or retest) showed a greater increase for men (4.2 to 5.9%) than for women (5.0 to 6.0%); 2) annual first test incidence increased moderately and differed for men and women (2.9 to 3.4% for men, 4.6 to 5.2% for women), and 3) annual retest incidence was twice as high for men (17.6%) as for women (8.6%). In conclusion, a substantial part of the Swiss population has been tested at some stage for HIV on a voluntary basis, and differences exist for testing and retesting between men and women.
本研究旨在描述瑞士普通人群中的自愿艾滋病毒检测情况，并估计每年的艾滋病毒检测发生率。1994年，对17至45岁的个人进行了一项具有代表性的电话调查，获取了关于艾滋病毒检测的自我报告信息。除了描述累积艾滋病毒检测发生率外，还通过贝叶斯障碍模型估计了随时间变化的每年艾滋病毒检测发生率，该模型考虑了首次检测和后续重新检测之间检测量可能不同的合理情况。总体而言，33%的瑞士人口（17至45岁）曾在某个时间自愿接受过艾滋病毒检测（男性为30%，女性为36%）。对于1990 - 1994年期间，结果显示，对于35岁且被认为风险行为较低的个体，1）年度检测发生率（首次检测或重新检测）男性的增幅（从4.2%增至5.9%）大于女性（从5.0%增至6.0%）；2）年度首次检测发生率适度增加，且男女有差异（男性为2.9%至3.4%，女性为4.6%至5.2%），3）年度重新检测发生率男性（17.6%）是女性（8.6%）的两倍。总之，很大一部分瑞士人口曾在某个阶段自愿接受过艾滋病毒检测，且男女在检测和重新检测方面存在差异。
