Suicide by patients: questionnaire study of its effect on consultant psychiatrists.

OBJECTIVE

To identify the effect of patients' suicide on consultant psychiatrists in Scotland.

DESIGN

Confidential coded postal questionnaire survey.

PARTICIPANTS

Of 315 eligible consultant psychiatrists, 247 (78%) contributed.

SETTING

Scotland.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Experience of patient suicide; the features and impact of "most distressing" suicide and what helped them to deal with it.

RESULTS

167 (68%) consultants had had a patient commit suicide under their care. Fifty four (33%) reported being affected personally in terms of low mood, poor sleep, or irritability. Changes in professional practice were described by 69 (42%) of the psychiatrists-for example, a more structured approach to the management of patients at risk and increased use of mental health legislation. Twenty four (15%) doctors considered taking early retirement because of a patient's suicide. Colleagues and family or friends were the best sources of help, and team and critical incident reviews were also useful.

CONCLUSIONS

Suicide by patients has a substantial emotional and professional effect on consultant psychiatrists. Support from colleagues is helpful, and professional reviews provide opportunities for learning and improved management of suicide and its aftermath.