Chen C H, Wang S Y, Hwu H G, Chou F H
College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2000 Mar;16(3):156-61.
The main purpose of the study was to examine the hypothesis that the postpartum period represents a time of increased risk for depression. The other psychosocial variables on stress, social support and self-esteem were also measured. Adult women, ranging in age from 22 to 45 years, comprised two samples: 148 postnatal women (22 to 44 years) and 148 controls (22 to 45 years). Five sets of instruments were used to collect data: the Demographic Data Form, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, the Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Although the postnatal group tended to have a higher rate of depression, the difference was not statistically significant. No significant differences in stress, social support, self-esteem or depression were found between these two groups. However, postnatal women reported significantly higher somatic symptoms of depression than controls. Results of the stepwise multiple regression indicated that the best subset to predict postpartum depression was self-esteem, stress, postnatal complication and work status. The best subset to predict depression of controls included self-esteem, social support, socioeconomic status and stress. Our data indicate that the psychosocial health status of postnatal women is not significantly different from the controls, although the postnatal women complain more about the loss of bodily functions. The possible explanations deserve further research.
该研究的主要目的是检验产后时期抑郁症风险增加这一假设。同时还测量了其他有关压力、社会支持和自尊的心理社会变量。年龄在22岁至45岁之间的成年女性组成了两个样本：148名产后女性（22岁至44岁）和148名对照组女性（22岁至45岁）。使用了五套工具来收集数据：人口统计学数据表、感知压力量表、人际支持评估清单、库珀史密斯自尊量表和贝克抑郁量表。尽管产后组的抑郁症发病率往往较高，但差异无统计学意义。两组在压力、社会支持、自尊或抑郁方面均未发现显著差异。然而，产后女性报告的抑郁躯体症状明显高于对照组。逐步多元回归结果表明，预测产后抑郁症的最佳子集是自尊、压力、产后并发症和工作状态。预测对照组抑郁症的最佳子集包括自尊、社会支持、社会经济地位和压力。我们的数据表明，尽管产后女性更多地抱怨身体功能丧失，但产后女性的心理社会健康状况与对照组并无显著差异。可能的解释值得进一步研究。
