Park E R, Psaros C, Traeger L, Stagg A, Jacquart J, Willett J, Alert M D, LaRoche K L, Ecker J L
Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2015 Oct;19(10):2094-101. doi: 10.1007/s10995-015-1731-0.
To develop a brief self-report assessment of the type and magnitude of stressors during the postpartum period. A cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 138 women at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, MA completed a measure of postpartum stressors at their 6-week postpartum visit. Item analyses were conducted; items were eliminated based on low relevance, low endorsement, and cross-loadings, resulting in a 9-item measure. Items were summed to create a total postpartum stressors score. To establish concurrent validity with perceived stress, the total postpartum stressors score was correlated with the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). The stressors score was tested for bivariate associations with depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2) and with social support (three items adapted from the MOS Social Support Scale). The 9-item measure, which was comprised of three factors (baby care, well-being, and work) demonstrated good reliability (Cronbach's α = .74) and concurrent validity with the PSS-4 (r = .53; p < .001) in the current sample. The stressors total score was negatively associated with social support (p < .001) and was positively associated with depression symptoms (p < .001). The early psychometric results on this measure are promising and associated with postpartum social support and depressive symptoms. With additional research to enhance external validity, this measure could be used and tested in an intervention study at the 6-week postpartum visit to identify women at risk for distress.
开发一种简短的自我报告评估方法，以评估产后压力源的类型和程度。对马萨诸塞州波士顿市麻省总医院138名女性的便利样本进行横断面研究，这些女性在产后6周就诊时完成了一项产后压力源测量。进行了项目分析；根据相关性低、认可度低和交叉负荷情况剔除项目，最终形成了一个包含9个项目的测量方法。将项目得分相加得出产后压力源总分。为了与感知压力建立同时效度，将产后压力源总分与4项感知压力量表（PSS - 4）进行相关性分析。对压力源得分与抑郁（患者健康问卷 - 2）和社会支持（从MOS社会支持量表改编的3个项目）进行双变量关联测试。这个包含9个项目、由三个因素（婴儿护理、幸福感和工作）组成的测量方法在当前样本中显示出良好的信度（克朗巴哈α系数 = 0.74）和与PSS - 4的同时效度（r = 0.53；p < 0.001）。压力源总分与社会支持呈负相关（p < 0.001），与抑郁症状呈正相关（p < 0.001）。该测量方法的早期心理测量结果很有前景，且与产后社会支持和抑郁症状相关。通过进一步研究以提高外部效度，该测量方法可在产后6周就诊时的干预研究中使用和测试，以识别有困扰风险的女性。
