Spann M F, Blondell J M, Hunting K L
US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2000 Jun;90(6):971-3. doi: 10.2105/ajph.90.6.971.
This study assessed acute hazards to young children from pesticides toxic enough to require child-resistant packaging.
The names of pesticides meeting acute toxicity criteria were ascertained from the Environmental Protection Agency. Poison Control Center reports identified children younger than 6 years who were exposed to these pesticides. Toxicity category, medical outcome, sex, and age were examined.
A higher proportion of children with exposure to the more toxic products had serious medical outcomes. Children 2 years and younger were the predominant age group exposed.
Protective measures--substituting less lethal pesticides, reducing the concentration of the active ingredients, and improving packaging and storage--are recommended.
本研究评估了对幼儿具有足够毒性、需使用儿童安全包装的农药的急性危害。
从美国环境保护局确定符合急性毒性标准的农药名称。中毒控制中心的报告确定了接触这些农药的6岁以下儿童。对毒性类别、医疗结果、性别和年龄进行了检查。
接触毒性更强产品的儿童中,出现严重医疗后果的比例更高。2岁及以下儿童是主要的受暴露年龄组。
建议采取保护措施,如用毒性较低的农药替代、降低活性成分浓度以及改进包装和储存方式。