Memon A A, Tomenson J A, Bothwell J, Friedmann P S
Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, PO Box 169, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K.
Br J Dermatol. 2000 Jun;142(6):1154-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03541.x.
This study examines the prevalence of sun-related damage to the skin in a caucasian population in north-west England. The importance of constitutional factors (complexion, skin type and age) as well as environmental and occupational exposures for the development of actinic keratosis (AK) and skin cancers was assessed in people over 40 years of age attending outpatient clinics (non-dermatology) at four centres in north-west England (Mersey region). Nine hundred and sixty-eight volunteers (531 men and 437 women) were recruited. The overall prevalence of AK was 15.4% in men and 5.9% in women. The prevalence was strongly related to age in both sexes, being 34.1% and 18.2%, respectively, in men and women aged 70 years and above, and was most strongly related to two objective signs of sun exposure, namely degree of solar elastosis and presence of solar lentigines. The prevalence of AK was higher in subjects with red hair and freckles, particularly women. There was no evidence of an increased prevalence of AK in relation to any occupation. There was a high prevalence of seborrhoeic keratosis and viral warts in both sexes, which was age-related in the case of seborrhoeic keratosis. Ten cases of basal cell carcinoma, eight cases of Bowen's disease and one case of malignant melanoma were identified. This study shows that the sun exposure received in 'normal' life in England is sufficient to cause potentially malignant skin damage in a significant proportion of the population.
本研究调查了英格兰西北部白种人群中与阳光相关的皮肤损伤患病率。在英格兰西北部（默西地区）四个中心的门诊诊所（非皮肤科）就诊的40岁以上人群中，评估了体质因素（肤色、皮肤类型和年龄）以及环境和职业暴露对光化性角化病（AK）和皮肤癌发生的重要性。招募了968名志愿者（531名男性和437名女性）。男性AK的总体患病率为15.4%，女性为5.9%。患病率在两性中均与年龄密切相关，70岁及以上的男性和女性患病率分别为34.1%和18.2%，并且与阳光暴露的两个客观体征，即日光性弹力组织变性程度和日光性雀斑的存在最为密切相关。红头发和有雀斑的受试者中AK的患病率较高，尤其是女性。没有证据表明与任何职业相关的AK患病率增加。脂溢性角化病和病毒疣在两性中的患病率都很高，脂溢性角化病与年龄相关。确诊了10例基底细胞癌、8例鲍恩病和1例恶性黑色素瘤。这项研究表明，在英国“正常”生活中接受的阳光照射足以在相当一部分人群中造成潜在的恶性皮肤损伤。
