Reinar L M, Haegeland A, Tollefsen M F, Bjørkeng W
Seksjon for informasjon og dokumentasjon Statens institutt for folkehelse, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000 Jan 20;120(2):221-4.
The prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women is low in Norway (4.5/100,000). HIV screening has been offered on a routine basis in antenatal care since 1987. 96% of all pregnant women are screened for HIV. After the introduction of the screening programme, effective treatment (zidovudin) has become available to pregnant women. This treatment reduces mother-to-child transmission of HIV by two thirds. By screening all pregnant women during a period of two years (95% confidence interval 1-6 years), transmission can be reduced to one child if the HIV positive women are offered and accept treatment. According to a review presented here, doctors and midwives involved in antenatal care do not seem to have good enough routines for giving women information about the screening test and for offering informed choices.
挪威孕妇中艾滋病毒感染率较低（4.5/100,000）。自1987年以来，产前护理中一直常规提供艾滋病毒筛查。所有孕妇中有96%接受了艾滋病毒筛查。在引入筛查计划后，孕妇可获得有效的治疗（齐多夫定）。这种治疗可将艾滋病毒的母婴传播减少三分之二。通过在两年内对所有孕妇进行筛查（95%置信区间为1至6年），如果为艾滋病毒呈阳性的妇女提供并接受治疗，传播病例可减少至一例。根据此处介绍的一项综述，参与产前护理的医生和助产士似乎没有足够完善的常规流程来向妇女提供有关筛查测试的信息并提供知情选择。
