对童年早期接触铅的年轻人胫骨铅含量进行的109镉K射线荧光测量。
109Cd K x ray fluorescence measurements of tibial lead content in young adults exposed to lead in early childhood.
作者信息
McNeill F E, Stokes L, Brito J A, Chettle D R, Kaye W E
机构信息
Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 2000 Jul;57(7):465-71. doi: 10.1136/oem.57.7.465.
OBJECTIVES
Tibia lead measurements were performed in a population of 19-29 year old people who had been highly exposed to lead in childhood to find whether lead had persisted in the bone matrix until adulthood.
METHODS
(109)Cd K x ray fluorescence was used to measure the tibia lead concentrations of 262 exposed subjects and 268 age and sex matched controls. Questionnaire data allowed a years of residence index to be calculated for exposed subjects. A cumulative blood lead index was calculated from the time weighted integration of available data of blood lead.
RESULTS
The mean (SEM) difference between exposed and control men was 4.51 (0.35) micrograms Pb/g bone mineral, and between exposed and control women was 3.94 (0. 61) micrograms Pb/g bone mineral. Grouped mean bone lead concentrations of exposed subjects were predicted best by age. When exposed and control subjects' data were combined, grouped mean bone lead concentrations were predicted best by cumulative blood lead index. The years of residence index was neither a good predictor of bone lead concentrations for exposed subjects nor for exposed and control subjects combined. Finally, exposed subjects had increased current blood lead concentrations that correlated significantly with bone lead values.
CONCLUSION
Bone lead concentrations of exposed subjects were significantly increased compared with those of control subjects. Lead from exposure in early childhood had persisted in the bone matrix until adulthood. Exposed subjects had increased blood lead concentrations compared with controls. Some of this exposure could be related to ongoing exposure. However, some of the increase in blood lead concentration in adult exposed subjects seemed to be a result of endogenous exposure from increased bone lead stores. The endogenous exposure relation found for men was consistent with reported data, but the relation found for women was significantly lower. Further research is needed to find whether the observed differences are due to sex, or pregnancy and lactation.
目的
对19至29岁儿童期曾高度接触铅的人群进行胫骨铅含量测量，以确定铅是否在骨基质中持续存在直至成年。
方法
采用（109）镉K X射线荧光法测量262名接触铅受试者和268名年龄及性别匹配的对照者的胫骨铅浓度。通过问卷调查数据计算接触铅受试者的居住年限指数。根据血铅可用数据的时间加权积分计算累积血铅指数。
结果
接触铅的男性与对照男性之间的平均（标准误）差异为4.51（0.35）微克铅/克骨矿物质，接触铅的女性与对照女性之间的差异为3.94（0.61）微克铅/克骨矿物质。接触铅受试者的分组平均骨铅浓度最佳预测因素是年龄。当将接触铅和对照受试者的数据合并时，分组平均骨铅浓度的最佳预测因素是累积血铅指数。居住年限指数对于接触铅受试者以及接触铅和对照受试者合并组而言，都不是骨铅浓度的良好预测指标。最后，接触铅受试者当前的血铅浓度升高，且与骨铅值显著相关。
结论
与对照受试者相比，接触铅受试者的骨铅浓度显著升高。儿童期接触的铅在骨基质中持续存在直至成年。与对照相比，接触铅受试者的血铅浓度升高。这种接触的一部分可能与持续接触有关。然而，成年接触铅受试者血铅浓度的升高似乎部分是由于骨铅储存增加导致的内源性接触。男性中发现的内源性接触关系与报告数据一致，但女性中发现的关系显著更低。需要进一步研究以确定观察到的差异是否归因于性别、妊娠和哺乳。
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