Gorter R C, Albrecht G, Hoogstraten J, Eijkman M A
Department of Social Dentistry and Dental Health Education, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), The Netherlands.
Int Dent J. 1999 Jun;49(3):144-52. doi: 10.1002/j.1875-595x.1999.tb00899.x.
Individual differences among dentists determine to a large degree what is experienced as work stress, but assessment of specific areas is necessary to be able to act preventively. The aim of this study was to develop an instrument to be used to monitor the experience of work stress in detail, to measure its levels, and to relate those levels to job (dis-) satisfaction. A questionnaire was developed, the Dentists' Experienced Work Stress Scale (DEWSS), covering widespread aspects of dental work, which was completed by 709 dentists, forming a highly representative sample of Dutch general dental practitioners. Factorial, correlational, and reliability analyses were conducted, after which seven areas of stress emerged: Work Pressure, Financial Aspects, Patient Contacts, Work Contents, Career Aspects, Team Aspects, and Professional and Private Life. Of these, Patient Contacts and Work Contents showed highest mean scores, as did the specific items: 'defaulters', 'governmental instructions', and 'unreasonable or demanding patients'. A strong inverse relationship was found between work stress, in particular lack of career perspective, and job satisfaction. The questionnaire is a valuable instrument to monitor pressure at work as felt by Dutch general dental practitioners. Patient contacts, work pressure, and career perspective clearly need preventive attention in the Dutch situation.
牙医之间的个体差异在很大程度上决定了工作压力的体验，但要能够采取预防性措施，就需要对特定领域进行评估。本研究的目的是开发一种工具，用于详细监测工作压力体验、测量其水平，并将这些水平与工作（不）满意度相关联。开发了一份问卷，即牙医工作压力体验量表（DEWSS），涵盖牙科工作的广泛方面，709名牙医完成了该问卷，构成了荷兰普通牙科从业者的高度代表性样本。进行了因子分析、相关性分析和信度分析，之后出现了七个压力领域：工作压力、财务方面、与患者接触、工作内容、职业方面、团队方面以及职业与私人生活。其中，与患者接触和工作内容的平均得分最高，具体项目“违约者”、“政府指令”和“不合理或要求苛刻的患者”也是如此。发现工作压力，尤其是缺乏职业前景，与工作满意度之间存在强烈的负相关关系。该问卷是监测荷兰普通牙科从业者工作压力感受的宝贵工具。在荷兰的情况下，与患者接触、工作压力和职业前景显然需要预防性关注。
