Gorter R C, Albrecht G, Hoogstraten J, Eijkman M A
Department of Social Dentistry and Dental Health Education, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), The Netherlands.
Eur J Oral Sci. 1998 Dec;106(6):999-1005. doi: 10.1046/j.0909-8836.1998.eos106604.x.
Work stress among dentists has been described several times, indicating a diversity of causes of stress. Professional burnout among dentists has been the subject of empirical study only occasionally. The aim of the present study was to investigate which occupational factors are related to levels of burnout among Dutch dentists. A distinction was made between actual work place characteristics and experienced pressure from specific aspects of dental work. With a response rate of 75%, a representative group of 709 Dutch general dental practitioners responded to a questionnaire containing a Dutch version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-NL), the Dentists' Experienced Work Stress Scale (DEWSS), and a collection of items on work place conditions. No actual work place condition could be demonstrated to be correlated with high burnout levels. Lack of career perspective appeared to be the stress factor most strongly related to burnout. Mean burnout levels of all dentists were found to be favourable in comparison with Dutch norm scores: dentists showed less Emotional Exhaustion, less Depersonalization, and more Personal Accomplishment. It is concluded that the relation between lack of career perspective and burnout should stimulate serious attention for career planning among dentists.
牙医工作压力问题已被多次提及，表明压力成因具有多样性。牙医职业倦怠问题仅偶尔成为实证研究的对象。本研究旨在调查哪些职业因素与荷兰牙医的倦怠水平相关。研究区分了实际工作场所特征与牙科工作特定方面带来的压力感受。问卷包含荷兰版的马氏职业倦怠量表（MBI-NL）、牙医工作压力感受量表（DEWSS）以及一系列关于工作场所条件的问题，709名荷兰普通牙医组成的代表性样本以75%的回复率对问卷进行了回答。未发现实际工作场所条件与高倦怠水平存在相关性。职业前景缺乏似乎是与倦怠最密切相关的压力因素。与荷兰常模分数相比，所有牙医的平均倦怠水平良好：牙医表现出较少的情感耗竭、较少的去个性化以及较多的个人成就感。研究得出结论，职业前景缺乏与倦怠之间的关系应促使人们认真关注牙医的职业规划。
