Kircher C H, Nielsen S W
Bull World Health Organ. 1976;53(2-3):195-202.
Tumours of the pancreas occur most commonly in dogs and cats and only rarely in other domestic species. The incidence of neoplasms, both exocrine and endocrine, increases with age. Exocrine adenocarcinomas are the most common malignant tumours and have three fairly distinct morphological patterns: small tubular, large tubular, and acinar cell (rare). They readily metastasize, usually before clinical signs are apparent. A "starry sky" pattern with clear histiocytes scattered among tumour cells is a regular feature of poorly differentiated areas of small tubular adenocarcinomas and undifferentiated carcinomas. Islet cell tumours occur in a significant number only in dogs. Metastases are found in about half of the tumours, but malignancy cannot always be predicted by the morphological appearance. Slightly more than half of the islet cell tumours reported in the dog have been associated with clinical signs of hypoglycaemia. Nodular hyperplasia and exocrine adenomas are sometimes difficult to differentiate. Adenomas are considered rare while nodular hyperplasia is common in old animals.
胰腺肿瘤最常见于犬猫，在其他家养动物中极为罕见。无论是外分泌性还是内分泌性肿瘤的发病率均随年龄增长而增加。外分泌腺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤，有三种相当不同的形态学模式：小管状、大管状和腺泡细胞型（罕见）。它们很容易发生转移，通常在临床症状出现之前就已转移。在小导管腺癌和未分化癌的低分化区域，肿瘤细胞中散在着清晰的组织细胞所形成的“星空”样图案是其常见特征。胰岛细胞瘤仅在犬中大量出现。约一半的肿瘤会发生转移，但恶性程度并不总能通过形态学表现来预测。犬中报道的胰岛细胞瘤略多于一半与低血糖的临床症状有关。结节性增生和外分泌腺瘤有时难以区分。腺瘤被认为很罕见，而结节性增生在老年动物中很常见。
