Perquin Christel W, Hazebroek-Kampschreur Alice A J M, Hunfeld Joke A M, Bohnen Arthur M, van Suijlekom-Smit Lisette W A, Passchier Jan, van der Wouden Johannes C
Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands Municipal Health Service, P.O. Box 70032, 3000 LP Rotterdam, The Netherlands Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands Department of Paediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital/University Hospital Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Pain. 2000 Jul;87(1):51-58. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00269-4.
Little is known about the epidemiology of pain in children. We studied the prevalence of pain in Dutch children aged from 0 to 18 years in the open population, and the relationship with age, gender and pain parameters. A random sample of 1300 children aged 0-3 years was taken from the register of population in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. In the Rotterdam area, 27 primary schools and 14 secondary schools were selected to obtain a representative sample of 5336 children aged 4-18 years. Depending on the age of the child, a questionnaire was either mailed to the parents (0-3 years) or distributed at school (4-18 years). Of 6636 children surveyed, 5424 (82%) responded; response rates ranged from 64 to 92%, depending on the subject age and who completed the questionnaire. Of the respondents, 54% had experienced pain within the previous 3 months. Overall, a quarter of the respondents reported chronic pain (recurrent or continuous pain for more than 3 months). The prevalence of chronic pain increased with age, and was significantly higher for girls (P<0.001). In girls, a marked increase occurred in reporting chronic pain between 12 and 14 years of age. The most common types of pain in children were limb pain, headache and abdominal pain. Half of the respondents who had experienced pain reported to have multiple pain, and one-third of the chronic pain sufferers experienced frequent and intense pain. These multiple pains and severe pains were more often reported by girls (P<0.001). The intensity of pain was higher in the case of chronic pain (P<0. 001) and multiple pains (P<0.001), and for chronic pain the intensity was higher for girls (P<0.001). These findings indicate that chronic pain is a common complaint in childhood and adolescence. In particular, the high prevalence of severe chronic pain and multiple pain in girls aged 12 years and over calls for follow-up investigations documenting the various bio-psycho-social factors related to this pain.
关于儿童疼痛的流行病学情况，人们了解甚少。我们研究了荷兰0至18岁普通人群中儿童疼痛的患病率，以及其与年龄、性别和疼痛参数的关系。从荷兰鹿特丹的人口登记册中随机抽取了1300名0至3岁的儿童。在鹿特丹地区，选取了27所小学和14所中学，以获取5336名4至18岁儿童的代表性样本。根据儿童年龄，问卷要么邮寄给家长（0至3岁），要么在学校发放（4至18岁）。在接受调查的6636名儿童中，5424名（82%）做出了回应；回应率在64%至92%之间，具体取决于受试者年龄以及问卷填写者。在受访者中，54%在过去3个月内经历过疼痛。总体而言，四分之一的受访者报告有慢性疼痛（反复或持续疼痛超过3个月）。慢性疼痛的患病率随年龄增长而增加，女孩的患病率显著更高（P<0.001）。在女孩中，12至14岁之间报告慢性疼痛的情况显著增加。儿童中最常见的疼痛类型是肢体疼痛、头痛和腹痛。经历过疼痛的受访者中有一半报告有多种疼痛，三分之一的慢性疼痛患者经历频繁且剧烈的疼痛。女孩更常报告这些多种疼痛和严重疼痛（P<0.001）。慢性疼痛（P<0.001）和多种疼痛（P<0.001）情况下疼痛强度更高，对于慢性疼痛，女孩的疼痛强度更高（P<0.001）。这些发现表明，慢性疼痛是儿童和青少年时期常见的主诉。特别是，12岁及以上女孩中严重慢性疼痛和多种疼痛的高患病率需要后续调查，以记录与此疼痛相关的各种生物 - 心理 - 社会因素。
