Wijga Alet H, Beckers Marga C B
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Centrum voor Preventie en Zorgonderzoek, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2011;155(35):A3464.
To provide insight into the nature, prevalence and consequences of common chronic health problems in children (0-18 years) in the Netherlands.
Survey based on general practitioner records, population surveys and a literature search.
"Disorders" comprises not only illness, but also complaints, symptoms and health problems. The survey was restricted to chronic health problems (present for at least 3 months) with a prevalence of at least 1% in children in the Netherlands.
The chronic diseases most frequently registered by general practitioners are asthma and eczema (1-year prevalence ca. 4%), followed by abdominal pain and constipation (2%-3%) in children under the age of 11 years and by headache, fatigue, back pain and abdominal pain (2%-3%) in older children. The conditions most frequently reported in population surveys by children themselves or their parents are headache, fatigue and sleeping problems, followed by hay fever, depressive symptoms and back pain. The prevalence of such conditions is especially high in teenage girls: over 20% for fatigue, headache and sleeping problems and 5-15% for depressive symptoms, back pain and abdominal pain. 2%-3% of all children experience serious limitations in daily functioning due to a chronic health condition. In addition, 8%-9% of young children and 14%-20% of the older children experience mild limitations.
A substantial number of children experience limitations in daily functioning due to a chronic condition. Allergy-related diseases, pain and malaise complaints constitute a major part of childhood chronic health problems. Pain and malaise complaints especially remain largely invisible for health care professionals and policy makers. A perspective of the consequences of these ailments in the long term is lacking.
深入了解荷兰0至18岁儿童常见慢性健康问题的性质、患病率及后果。
基于全科医生记录、人口调查及文献检索的调查。
“疾病”不仅包括疾病，还包括不适、症状和健康问题。该调查仅限于荷兰儿童中患病率至少为1%的慢性健康问题（持续至少3个月）。
全科医生最常记录的慢性病是哮喘和湿疹（1年患病率约4%），其次是11岁以下儿童的腹痛和便秘（2%-3%），以及大龄儿童的头痛、疲劳、背痛和腹痛（2%-3%）。儿童自身或其父母在人口调查中最常报告的情况是头痛、疲劳和睡眠问题，其次是花粉热、抑郁症状和背痛。这些情况在青少年女孩中的患病率尤其高：疲劳、头痛和睡眠问题超过20%，抑郁症状、背痛和腹痛为5%-15%。2%-3%的儿童因慢性健康状况在日常功能方面受到严重限制。此外，8%-9%的幼儿和14%-20%的大龄儿童有轻度限制。
相当数量的儿童因慢性病在日常功能方面受到限制。与过敏相关的疾病、疼痛和不适主诉构成儿童慢性健康问题的主要部分。疼痛和不适主诉在很大程度上仍未引起医护人员和政策制定者的注意。缺乏对这些疾病长期后果的认识。
