Neme A L, McLaren J D, O'Brien W J
University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, MI 48219-0900, USA.
Dent Mater. 1999 Nov;15(6):375-81. doi: 10.1016/s0109-5641(99)00066-4.
The purpose of this investigation was to develop and test two in vitro mercury vapor collection techniques: a closed bottle technique (CB) and an intraoral flow (IOF) technique.
Amalgam samples were prepared in acrylic first molars (#30) with standardized Class I preparations. In the CB technique, samples were placed in either a 25, 100 or 500 ml bottle (n = 5). Vapor was analyzed with the Jerome M-411 using a syringe method over a 7 day period. In the IOF technique an impression of the lower right quadrant of a Typodont was taken with PVS impression material leaving a 5 mm space over #30. Samples were analyzed with the Jerome M-411 connected to the impression tray via tygon tubing at the buccal surface. Average mercury vapor release rates and standard deviations were calculated for each method. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD pairwise analysis for significant findings (alpha = 0.05).
Both techniques indicated mercury vapor release was dependent on volume. The largest bottle, 500 ml, yielded a significantly greater (p < or = 0.00) amount of mercury vapor within the CB systems. In the IOF technique, the addition of air flow over the restoration demonstrated a significant increase (p < or = 0.05) in mercury vapor released compared to the sealed IOF technique.
A method for mercury vapor analysis was developed for possible intraoral application. The IOF method with direct air flow removes possible saturation effects found in a CB system, while limiting external variables, which may contribute to errors associated with in vivo measurements.
本研究旨在开发并测试两种体外汞蒸气收集技术：密闭瓶技术（CB）和口内流动（IOF）技术。
用丙烯酸类材料制作第一磨牙（#30）的汞合金样本，并采用标准化的I类制备方法。在CB技术中，将样本置于25、100或500毫升的瓶子中（n = 5）。使用注射器法，通过杰罗姆M - 411在7天内对蒸气进行分析。在IOF技术中，用聚乙烯硅氧烷（PVS）印模材料制取Typodont右下象限的印模，在#30上方留出5毫米的空间。通过连接在颊侧表面印模托盘上的泰贡管，用杰罗姆M - 411对样本进行分析。计算每种方法的平均汞蒸气释放率和标准差。数据通过双向方差分析，随后进行Tukey HSD两两分析以找出显著结果（α = 0.05）。
两种技术均表明汞蒸气释放量取决于体积。在CB系统中，最大的瓶子（500毫升）产生的汞蒸气量显著更多（p≤0.00）。在IOF技术中，与密封的IOF技术相比，在修复体上方增加气流显示汞蒸气释放量显著增加（p≤0.05）。
开发了一种用于可能的口内应用的汞蒸气分析方法。具有直接气流的IOF方法消除了CB系统中可能存在的饱和效应，同时限制了可能导致体内测量误差的外部变量。
