Skeel R L, Johnstone B, Yangco D T, Walker S E, Komatireddy G R
School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA.
Appl Neuropsychol. 2000;7(2):96-101. doi: 10.1207/S15324826AN0702_5.
Although neuropsychological deficits have been reported in several cognitive domains in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there is considerable variability in the literature about which neuropsychological domains are most affected. Similar to studies that demonstrated that specific profiles of neuropsychological deficits exist for those with traumatic brain injury (TBI; Johnstone, Hexum, & Ashkanazi, 1995), this study examined whether a specific pattern of deficits is present in SLE. By comparing reading scores (as estimates of premorbid ability) to tests of concurrent cognitive abilities (i.e., memory, attention, etc.), it was determined that SLE presents a profile distinct from TBI, with the most significant impairments noted in expressive language (Zdiff = -1.39), attention (Zdiff = -0.41), and speed of processing (Zdiff = -0.40). In contrast to TBI, no impairment was noted in intelligence, memory, or cognitive flexibility. Results suggest that memory problems reported by individuals with SLE may be related to inattention. Clinical implications are discussed.
尽管已有报道称系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者在多个认知领域存在神经心理学缺陷，但文献中关于哪些神经心理学领域受影响最大存在很大差异。与那些表明创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者存在特定神经心理学缺陷特征的研究类似（约翰斯通、赫克萨姆和阿什卡纳齐，1995年），本研究调查了SLE患者是否存在特定的缺陷模式。通过将阅读分数（作为病前能力的估计值）与同时进行的认知能力测试（即记忆、注意力等）进行比较，确定SLE呈现出与TBI不同的特征，其中表达性语言（Z差异=-1.39）、注意力（Z差异=-0.41）和处理速度（Z差异=-0.40）方面的损伤最为显著。与TBI不同的是，智力、记忆或认知灵活性方面未发现损伤。结果表明，SLE患者报告的记忆问题可能与注意力不集中有关。文中讨论了临床意义。
