Nagalakshmi D, Sharma A K, Sastry V R
Division of Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Vet Res Commun. 2000 Jul;24(5):349-59. doi: 10.1023/a:1006448206755.
Thirty male lambs of 3-4 months of age, were assigned equally to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design and fed isonitrogenous and isocaloric concentrate mixtures containing 30% de-oiled peanut meal (DPNM) or 40%, cottonseed meal, which was raw, cooked for 45 min or treated with either 1%, calcium hydroxide or iron (1:3, free gossypol: Fe). The mixtures containing raw or variously processed CSM replaced about 50% of the nitrogen of the reference concentrate mixture. These concentrate mixtures were fed to meet 80% of the animals' crude protein requirements along with ad libitum feeding of maize (Zea mays) hay for 180 days. The free gossypol content of the raw cottonseed meal (0.27%) was reduced to 0.16% 0.20% and 0.21% by the cooking, Ca(OH)2 and iron treatments, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the tissues of various organs were fixed in 10% formol saline. embedded in paraffin and sectioned at 4-5 microm thickness, and duplicate sections were stained with either haematoxylin and eosin or Perl's Prussian blue. The lambs fed diets incorporating raw, cooked, Ca(OH)2- or iron-treated cottonseed meal consumed respectively 302, 215, 250 and 222 mg free gossypol/day. No morbidity. mortality or gross lesions were observed in any organs and the histopathological lesions due to cottonseed meal were limited to the testes and epididymis. Spermatogonial cells were absent in the majority of the seminiferous tubules of testes from lambs fed raw cottonseed meal. Most seminiferous tubules were collapsed, with a reduced wall thickness, owing to there being fewer germ cell layers and vacuolation of the basal cells. The epithelium of the epididymal ductules was degenerated, desquamated to a variable degree with hyperplastic changes, and they were devoid of spermatozoa. Most lambs fed any of the processed cottonseed meals did not show any of these lesions, and such lesions as occurred in affected lambs in these groups were relatively mild. Iron pigments were deposited around the portal areas of the liver, the tip of intestinal villi and the spleen of lambs fed the iron-treated cottonseed meal diet. Cooking or treatment with 1%, Ca(OH)2 effectively minimized the toxic effects of free gossypol.
将30只3 - 4月龄的雄性羔羊，以完全随机设计平均分配到五种日粮处理组，饲喂含30%脱油花生粕（DPNM）或40%生棉籽粕、经45分钟蒸煮或用1%氢氧化钙或铁（游离棉酚:铁为1:3）处理的等氮等热浓缩混合物。含生棉籽粕或经过不同加工的棉籽粕的混合物替代了参考浓缩混合物中约50%的氮。这些浓缩混合物用于满足动物80%的粗蛋白需求，同时随意投喂玉米（Zea mays）干草，持续180天。生棉籽粕（0.27%）的游离棉酚含量经蒸煮、氢氧化钙处理和铁处理后分别降至0.16%、0.20%和0.21%。实验结束时，将各器官组织固定于10%甲醛生理盐水中，石蜡包埋，切成4 - 5微米厚的切片，重复切片分别用苏木精和伊红或Perl氏普鲁士蓝染色。饲喂含生棉籽粕、蒸煮棉籽粕、氢氧化钙处理棉籽粕或铁处理棉籽粕日粮的羔羊，每天分别摄入302、215、250和222毫克游离棉酚。未观察到任何器官有发病、死亡或明显病变，棉籽粕引起的组织病理学病变仅限于睾丸和附睾。饲喂生棉籽粕的羔羊睾丸的大多数曲细精管中没有精原细胞。大多数曲细精管塌陷，管壁厚度减小，原因是生殖细胞层减少和基底细胞空泡化。附睾小管上皮变性，不同程度地脱落并伴有增生性改变，且无精子。大多数饲喂任何一种加工棉籽粕的羔羊均未出现这些病变，这些组中受影响羔羊出现的此类病变相对较轻。在饲喂铁处理棉籽粕日粮的羔羊的肝脏门静脉区、肠绒毛尖端和脾脏周围沉积有铁色素。蒸煮或用1%氢氧化钙处理可有效降低游离棉酚的毒性作用。
