Fossen T, Slimestad R, Ovstedal D O, Andersen O M
Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Norway.
Phytochemistry. 2000 Jun;54(3):317-23. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9422(00)00102-3.
The structures of eight anthocyanins have been determined in acidified methanolic extract of pale-purple flowers of chive, Allium schoenoprasum. Four of them have been identified as the anthocyanin-flavonol complexes (cyanidin 3-O-beta-glucosideAII) (kaempferol 3-O-(2-O-beta-glucosylFIII-beta-glucosideFII)-7-O-beta-gl ucosiduronic acidFIV) malonateAIII (AII-6-->AIII-1, FIV-2-->AIII-3), 1, (cyanidin 3-O-(3-O-acetyl-beta-glucosideAII) (kaempferol 3-O-(2-O-beta-glucosylFIII-beta-glucosideFII)-7-O-beta-gl ucosiduronic acidFIV) malonateAIII (AII-6-->AIII-1, FIV-2-->AIII-3), 2, and their 7-O-(methyl-O-beta-glucosiduronateFIV) analogous, 3 and 4. Pigments 1 and 2 are the first final identification of covalent complexes between an anthocyanin and a flavonol, while 3 and 4 are formed during the isolation process. The other four anthocyanins (5-8) were found to be the 3-acetylglucoside, 3-glucoside, 3-(6-malonylglucoside) and 3-(3,6-dimalonylglucoside) of cyanidin. The three latter pigments have earlier been identified as the major anthocyanins of the chive stem. The covalent anthocyanin-flavonol complexes show intramolecular association between the anthocyanidin (cyanidin) and flavonol (kaempferol) units, which influence the colour.
已确定了细香葱（Allium schoenoprasum）浅紫色花朵的酸化甲醇提取物中8种花青素的结构。其中4种已被鉴定为花青素 - 黄酮醇复合物（矢车菊素3 - O - β - 葡萄糖苷AII）（山奈酚3 - O - （2 - O - β - 葡萄糖基FIII - β - 葡萄糖苷FII） - 7 - O - β - 葡萄糖醛酸苷FIV）丙二酸酯AIII（AII - 6→AIII - 1，FIV - 2→AIII - 3），1，（矢车菊素3 - O - （3 - O - 乙酰基 - β - 葡萄糖苷AII）（山奈酚3 - O - （2 - O - β - 葡萄糖基FIII - β - 葡萄糖苷FII） - 7 - O - β - 葡萄糖醛酸苷FIV）丙二酸酯AIII（AII - 6→AIII - 1，FIV - 2→AIII - 3），2，以及它们的7 - O - （甲基 - O - β - 葡萄糖醛酸苷FIV）类似物，3和4。色素1和2是首次对花青素与黄酮醇之间的共价复合物进行最终鉴定，而3和4是在分离过程中形成的。另外4种花青素（5 - 8）被发现是矢车菊素的3 - 乙酰葡萄糖苷、3 - 葡萄糖苷、3 - （6 - 丙二酰葡萄糖苷）和3 - （3,6 - 二丙二酰葡萄糖苷）。后三种色素早些时候已被鉴定为细香葱茎的主要花青素。共价花青素 - 黄酮醇复合物在花青素（矢车菊素）和黄酮醇（山奈酚）单元之间显示出分子内缔合，这会影响颜色。
