Castellino R A
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1976 Oct;43:137-40.
Percutaneous pulmonary needle aspiration (PC-A) is one of several diagnostic techniques capable of providing material in which Pneumocystis carinii organisms can be identified. This simple procedure, readily performed by most physicians, can be rapidly done under local anesthesia, requiring no sedation, general anesthetic, or multiple support personnel. When the chest roentgenographic evidence suggests diffuse involvement, PC-A may be performed at the bedside; if more patchy in distribution, under fluoroscopic guidance. Diagnostic yield approximates 80% or more on on the first attempt and approaches 100% if repeat PC-A is done after an initially negative PC-A procedure. Underlying severe bleeding disorders may lead to serious hemorrhage. Pneumothorax is not uncommon but is usually of no clinical significance and, if necessary,, is readily controlled. Percutaneous pulmonary needle biopsy with cutting or coring needles is not recommended because of a higher complication rate.
经皮肺穿刺抽吸术（PC - A）是几种能够获取可鉴定卡氏肺孢子虫生物体材料的诊断技术之一。这个简单的操作大多数医生都能轻松完成，可在局部麻醉下迅速进行，无需镇静、全身麻醉或多名辅助人员。当胸部X线证据提示弥漫性病变时，PC - A可在床边进行；如果病变分布更呈斑片状，则在荧光镜引导下进行。首次尝试时诊断成功率约为80%或更高，若首次PC - A结果为阴性后重复进行，则诊断成功率接近100%。潜在的严重出血性疾病可能导致严重出血。气胸并不罕见，但通常无临床意义，如有必要，很容易控制。不建议使用切割针或取芯针进行经皮肺穿刺活检，因为其并发症发生率较高。
