Ménard A, L'Hostis M, Leray G, Marchandeau S, Pascal M, Roudot N, Michel V, Chauvin A
Interactions Hôte-Parasite-Milieu, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes, France.
Parasite. 2000 Jun;7(2):77-82. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2000072077.
With the objective of studying the role of wild fauna in the epidemiology of fasciolosis disease, a definitive wild-host inventory was carried out in a french farm where infected domestic hosts (cows) cohabit with wild potential ones. Liver flukes, faecal eggs and antibodies were looked for in lagomorphs (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and rodents (Myocastor coypus, Ondatra zybethicus, Rattus norvegicus, Arvicola sapidus and micromammal species) trapped in the study area. Presence of Fasciola hepatica was detected in two species: O. cuniculus and M. coypus. Infection rates were respectively 34% (42/124) and 55% (106/193). Liver flukes were found in 78 M. coypus (n = 192) and 11 O. cuniculus (n = 35). No other species was infected by F. hepatica. The number of animals shedding fluke eggs was higher in M. coypus (49 out of 127 sampled; 38.6%) than in O. cuniculus (two out of 17 sampled; 11.7%). The results indicate that M. coypus may play a role in the maintenance and the dissemination of F. hepatica in various environments and open a discussion on the role of other natural wild hosts.
为了研究野生动物在肝片吸虫病流行病学中的作用,在法国一个农场开展了一项最终的野生宿主清查,该农场中受感染的家养宿主(奶牛)与潜在的野生宿主共同生活。在研究区域捕获的兔形目动物(穴兔)和啮齿动物(河狸鼠、麝鼠、褐家鼠、水䶄和小型哺乳动物物种)中寻找肝吸虫、粪便虫卵和抗体。在两种物种中检测到肝片吸虫的存在:穴兔和河狸鼠。感染率分别为34%(42/124)和55%(106/193)。在78只河狸鼠(n = 192)和11只穴兔(n = 35)中发现了肝吸虫。没有其他物种感染肝片吸虫。排出吸虫卵的动物数量在河狸鼠中(127只采样中有49只;38.6%)高于穴兔(17只采样中有2只;11.7%)。结果表明,河狸鼠可能在肝片吸虫在各种环境中的维持和传播中发挥作用,并引发了关于其他天然野生宿主作用的讨论。