Gstoettner W, Adunka O, Hamzavi J, Baumgartner W D
Universitätsklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, Wien, Osterreich.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2000 Jun 2;112(11):464-72.
The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the cochlear implant. The history of this entity is traced from the early development of implants, involving the stimulation of the hearing nerve, up to the currently available standard multichannel implants. The physiological background is also elucidated. A cochlear implant consists of an implantable portion which lies within the ear, and of parts that are worn externally on the body. Differences between the first implants and those now in use are as follows: transcutaneous information and energy transmission, the position of the electrode in the ear, and the configuration of the electrode. Differences between the currently available implants mainly concern the number of electrodes, speech coding strategies and the mode of electrode stimulation. Almost all of the most recent implants are equipped with electrodes that are implanted in the tympanic scale of the cochlea.
本文旨在对人工耳蜗进行概述。该装置的历史可追溯到早期植入物的发展，包括对听神经的刺激，直至目前可用的标准多通道植入物。同时也阐述了其生理背景。人工耳蜗由位于耳内的可植入部分和佩戴在身体外部的部件组成。第一代植入物与目前使用的植入物之间的差异如下：经皮信息和能量传输、电极在耳内的位置以及电极的配置。目前可用植入物之间的差异主要涉及电极数量、语音编码策略和电极刺激模式。几乎所有最新的植入物都配备了植入耳蜗鼓阶的电极。
