Edington J, Boorman J, Durrant E R, Perkins A, Giffin C V, James R, Thomson J M, Oldroyd J C, Smith J C, Torrance A D, Blackshaw V, Green S, Hill C J, Berry C, McKenzie C, Vicca N, Ward J E, Coles S J
Abbott Laboratories, Maidenhead, Berkshire, UK.
Clin Nutr. 2000 Jun;19(3):191-5. doi: 10.1054/clnu.1999.0121.
The primary objective was to estimate prevalence of malnutrition on admission to four hospitals. Secondary objectives included assessing the relationship between nutritional status and length of hospital stay, numbers of new prescriptions, new infections and disease severity.
We entered eligible patients according to predefined quotas for elective and emergency admissions to 23 specialties. We measured height, weight, Body Mass Index and anthropometrics, and recorded history of unintentional weight loss. Patients who had lost > or = 10% of their body weight, had a Body Mass Index <20, or had a Body Mass Index <20 with one anthropometric measurement <15th centile were considered malnourished.
Of 1611 eligible patients, 761 did not participate; 269 were too ill; 256 could not be weighed; and 236 refused consent. Eight hundred and fifty were subsequently evaluated. Prevalence of malnutrition on admission was 20%. Length of stay, new prescriptions and infections and disease severity were significantly higher in the malnourished.
One patient in every five admitted to hospital is malnourished. Although this figure is unacceptably high, it may underestimate true prevalence. Malnutrition was associated with increased length of stay, new prescriptions and infections. Malnutrition may also have contributed to disease severity.
主要目标是估计四家医院入院时营养不良的患病率。次要目标包括评估营养状况与住院时间、新处方数量、新感染情况及疾病严重程度之间的关系。
我们按照预定配额纳入了23个专科的择期和急诊入院合格患者。我们测量了身高、体重、体重指数和人体测量数据，并记录了非故意体重减轻的病史。体重减轻≥10%、体重指数<20或体重指数<20且一项人体测量数据低于第15百分位数的患者被视为营养不良。
在1611名合格患者中，761名未参与；269名病情过重；256名无法称重；236名拒绝同意。随后对850名患者进行了评估。入院时营养不良的患病率为20%。营养不良患者的住院时间、新处方数量、感染情况及疾病严重程度显著更高。
每五名入院患者中就有一名营养不良。尽管这一数字高得令人无法接受，但可能低估了真实患病率。营养不良与住院时间延长、新处方数量增加及感染有关。营养不良也可能导致了疾病严重程度增加。
