Suh C P, Orr D B, van Duyn J W
Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7613, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2000 Jun;93(3):577-83. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-93.3.577.
The effect of insecticides on Trichogramma exiguum Pinto & Platner emergence, adult survival, and fitness parameters was investigated. Insecticides tested were lambda cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, thiodicarb, profenophos, spinosad, methoxyfenozide, and tebufenozide. All insecticides, with the exception of methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide, adversely affected Trichogramma emergence from Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) host eggs when exposed at different preimaginal stages of development (larval, prepupal, or pupal). Regardless of the developmental stage treated, none of the insecticides tested had a significant effect on the sex ratio or frequency of brachyptery of emerged females. However, the mean life span of emerged T. exiguum females significantly varied among insecticide treatments, and was significantly affected by the developmental stage of parasitoid when treated. Based on LC50 values, spinosad and prophenofos were the most toxic compounds to female T. exiguum adults, followed by lambda cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, and thiodicarb. Insecticides field-weathered for four to 6 d on cotton leaves showed no activity against female T. exiguum adults.
研究了杀虫剂对微小赤眼蜂（Trichogramma exiguum Pinto & Platner）羽化、成虫存活及适合度参数的影响。所测试的杀虫剂有高效氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、硫双威、丙溴磷、多杀菌素、甲氧虫酰肼和虫酰肼。除甲氧虫酰肼和虫酰肼外，所有杀虫剂在不同的羽化前发育阶段（幼虫、预蛹或蛹期）接触时，均对从棉铃虫（Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)）寄主卵中羽化出的微小赤眼蜂产生不利影响。无论处理的发育阶段如何，所测试的杀虫剂均对羽化出的雌蜂的性别比例或短翅频率无显著影响。然而，羽化出的微小赤眼蜂雌蜂的平均寿命在不同杀虫剂处理间差异显著，且在处理时受寄生蜂发育阶段的显著影响。根据半数致死浓度（LC50）值，多杀菌素和丙溴磷对微小赤眼蜂雌成虫毒性最强，其次是高效氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯和硫双威。在棉花叶片上经过4至6天田间风化的杀虫剂对微小赤眼蜂雌成虫无活性。
