Lea R G, Howe D, Hannah L T, Bonneau O, Hunter L, Hoggard N
Division of Nutrition and Development, Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK.
Mol Hum Reprod. 2000 Aug;6(8):763-9. doi: 10.1093/molehr/6.8.763.
Leptin expression in third trimester placenta (p) and leptin concentrations in umbilical cord blood (cb) were investigated in normal pregnancies [n = 10 (p), 31 (cb)] and abnormal pregnancies complicated with (i) maternal insulin-dependent diabetes [IDDM: n = 3 (p), 13 (cb)], (ii) gestational diabetes [GD: n = 2 (p), 10 (cb)] and (iii) fetal growth retardation [FGR: n = 5 (p), 5 (cb)]. By in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, placental leptin mRNA and protein were co-localized to the syncytiotrophoblast and villous vascular endothelial cells. Leptin receptor was immunolocalized to the syncytiotrophoblast. Relative to controls, the FGR group was characterized by low concentrations of placental and cord blood leptin. In a twin pregnancy, the normal-sized infant exhibited more placental and cord blood leptin than its growth-retarded twin. In contrast, both diabetic groups exhibited high concentrations of placental leptin mRNA and protein. The IDDM group exhibited the highest concentrations of leptin in cord blood. No change was observed in the expression of the leptin receptor in either the growth-retarded or diabetic pregnancies. In conclusion, the localization of placental leptin suggests that it may be released into both maternal and fetal blood. Furthermore, in fetal growth-retarded and diabetic pregnancies, the changes in leptin expression in the placenta and in leptin concentrations in umbilical cord blood appear to be related.
在正常妊娠 [n = 10（胎盘），31（脐血）] 以及合并以下情况的异常妊娠中研究了孕晚期胎盘组织中的瘦素表达（p）和脐血中的瘦素浓度（cb）：（i）母亲胰岛素依赖型糖尿病 [IDDM：n = 3（胎盘），13（脐血）]，（ii）妊娠期糖尿病 [GD：n = 2（胎盘），10（脐血）]，以及（iii）胎儿生长受限 [FGR：n = 5（胎盘），5（脐血）]。通过原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法，胎盘瘦素mRNA和蛋白共定位于合体滋养层细胞和绒毛血管内皮细胞。瘦素受体通过免疫定位定位于合体滋养层细胞。相对于对照组，FGR组的胎盘和脐血瘦素浓度较低。在双胎妊娠中，正常大小的婴儿比其生长受限的双胎表现出更多的胎盘和脐血瘦素。相反，两个糖尿病组均表现出胎盘瘦素mRNA和蛋白的高浓度。IDDM组脐血中的瘦素浓度最高。在生长受限或糖尿病妊娠中，未观察到瘦素受体表达的变化。总之，胎盘瘦素的定位表明它可能释放到母体和胎儿血液中。此外，在胎儿生长受限和糖尿病妊娠中，胎盘瘦素表达的变化与脐血中瘦素浓度的变化似乎相关。
