Luce P A, Goldinger S D, Auer E T, Vitevitch M S
Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Buffalo 14260, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 2000 Apr;62(3):615-25. doi: 10.3758/bf03212113.
Perceptual identification of spoken words in noise is less accurate when the target words are preceded by spoken phonetically related primes (Goldinger, Luce, & Pisoni, 1989). The present investigation replicated and extended this finding. Subjects shadowed target words presented in the clear that were preceded by phonetically related or unrelated primes. In addition, primes were either higher or lower in frequency than the target words. Shadowing latencies were significantly longer for target words preceded by phonetically related primes, but only when the prime-target interstimulus interval was short (50 vs. 500 msec). These results demonstrate that phonetic priming does not depend on target degradation and that it affects processing time. We further demonstrated that PARSYN--a connectionist instantiation of the neighborhood activation model--accurately simulates the observed pattern of priming.
当目标词之前出现语音相关的启动词时，在噪声中对口语单词的知觉识别准确性会降低（戈尔丁格、卢斯和皮索尼，1989）。本研究重复并扩展了这一发现。受试者跟读清晰呈现的目标词，这些目标词之前有语音相关或不相关的启动词。此外，启动词的频率要么高于目标词，要么低于目标词。对于之前有语音相关启动词的目标词，跟读潜伏期显著更长，但仅当启动词与目标词的刺激间隔较短时（50毫秒对500毫秒）。这些结果表明，语音启动不依赖于目标降解，并且它会影响处理时间。我们进一步证明，PARSYN——邻域激活模型的一种联结主义实例化——准确地模拟了观察到的启动模式。
