Reef S E, Plotkin S, Cordero J F, Katz M, Cooper L, Schwartz B, Zimmerman-Swain L, Danovaro-Holliday M C, Wharton M
National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Jul;31(1):85-95. doi: 10.1086/313928. Epub 2000 Jul 25.
The goal of eliminating indigenous rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in the United States in the near future is now within reach, because rubella incidence has been sustained at record-low levels since the mid-1990s. Effective prevention strategies to eliminate CRS and rubella require improvement in the surveillance of CRS and congenital rubella infection (CRI). The purpose of the workshop was to review rubella and CRS epidemiology, as well as current clinical, diagnostic, and laboratory practices, to determine whether new strategies are needed to achieve and document CRS elimination. Workshop participants agreed that surveillance for CRS must be strengthened, particularly through augmented laboratory capabilities, and the case definition for CRS must be revised to reflect the current scientific information available. Further studies of methods are needed to identify high-risk populations and geographic areas for rubella and CRS and to enhance identification of infants with CRS.
美国在不久的将来消除本土风疹和先天性风疹综合征(CRS)的目标目前已触手可及,因为自20世纪90年代中期以来,风疹发病率一直维持在创纪录的低水平。消除CRS和风疹的有效预防策略需要改进对CRS和先天性风疹感染(CRI)的监测。本次研讨会的目的是回顾风疹和CRS的流行病学,以及当前的临床、诊断和实验室实践,以确定是否需要新的策略来实现并记录CRS的消除。研讨会参与者一致认为,必须加强对CRS的监测,特别是通过增强实验室能力,并且必须修订CRS的病例定义以反映当前可用的科学信息。需要进一步研究方法,以确定风疹和CRS的高危人群和地理区域,并加强对CRS婴儿的识别。