Vink R, Cernak I
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
Front Biosci. 2000 Aug 1;5:D656-65. doi: 10.2741/vink.
Traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) initiates an autodestructive cascade of biochemical and pathophysiological changes that ultimately results in irreversible tissue damage. Known as secondary injury, this delayed injury process is multifactorial in nature and it is generally thought that the simultaneous attenuation of a number of the secondary injury factors will be required for interventional therapies to have a significant beneficial effect on outcome. This review summarizes the growing body of evidence that suggests that magnesium plays a pivotal role in the secondary injury process following CNS trauma, affecting a number of secondary injury factors including neurotransmitter release and activity, ion changes, oxidative stress, protein synthesis, and energy metabolism. By having effects on such a range of secondary injury factors following trauma, pharmacological studies have shown that magnesium may be an effective therapy following neurotrauma, improving survival, motor outcome and alleviating cognitive deficits.
中枢神经系统（CNS）的创伤性损伤会引发一系列生化和病理生理变化的自我毁灭级联反应，最终导致不可逆的组织损伤。这种延迟性损伤过程被称为继发性损伤，其本质是多因素的，一般认为，介入治疗要对预后产生显著的有益效果，需要同时减弱多种继发性损伤因素。这篇综述总结了越来越多的证据，这些证据表明镁在中枢神经系统创伤后的继发性损伤过程中起关键作用，影响多种继发性损伤因素，包括神经递质释放和活性、离子变化、氧化应激、蛋白质合成和能量代谢。通过对创伤后一系列继发性损伤因素产生影响，药理学研究表明镁可能是神经创伤后的一种有效治疗方法，可提高生存率、改善运动功能并减轻认知缺陷。
