Rasanen I, Neuvonen M, Ojanperä I, Vuori E
Department of Forensic Medicine, P.O. Box 40, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Forensic Sci Int. 2000 Aug 14;112(2-3):191-200. doi: 10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00273-5.
Gas chromatography (GC) and immunoassay techniques applied to blood and urine specimens were compared for the screening of benzodiazepines in postmortem forensic toxicology. Five hundred and six such successive postmortem cases in which both urine and peripheral blood was sent for toxicological analysis by the medical examiners were selected. The urine specimens were tested by the Emit((R)) d.a.u. Benzodiazepine Assay, and in parallel, the blood and urine specimens were screened for benzodiazepine drugs and their metabolites by an established automated dual-column GC method. The lowest number of positives (153) was obtained when immunoassay was performed without enzyme hydrolysis. When urine samples were hydrolysed before immunoassay, the number of positives increased to 175. The highest number of positives (200) was obtained in urine by GC, and the screening of blood by GC yielded 185 quantitative results. Despite the urine GC screening produced the most positives, the quantitative screening of the blood by GC appears to be the most efficient approach in postmortem forensic toxicology, considering the fact that although urine findings confirm the presence of the drug, quantitative results in urine are irrelevant to acute toxicity.
在法医学尸体检验毒理学中，对应用于血液和尿液样本的气相色谱法（GC）和免疫分析技术进行了比较，以筛查苯二氮卓类药物。选取了506例连续的尸体检验案例，这些案例中法医均送检了尿液和外周血进行毒理学分析。尿液样本采用Emit® d.a.u.苯二氮卓类药物检测法进行检测，同时，采用既定的自动双柱气相色谱法对血液和尿液样本进行苯二氮卓类药物及其代谢物的筛查。在不进行酶水解的情况下进行免疫分析时，阳性结果数量最少（153例）。当尿液样本在免疫分析前进行水解时，阳性结果数量增加到175例。通过气相色谱法检测尿液得到的阳性结果数量最多（200例），通过气相色谱法对血液进行筛查得到了185个定量结果。尽管尿液气相色谱筛查得到的阳性结果最多，但考虑到尿液检测结果虽能证实药物的存在，但尿液中的定量结果与急性毒性无关，因此在法医学尸体检验毒理学中，通过气相色谱法对血液进行定量筛查似乎是最有效的方法。
