Leroyer A, Nisse C, Hemon D, Gruchociak A, Salomez J L, Haguenoer J M
Centre de Recherche en Santé Travail Ergonomie, Lille, France.
Am J Ind Med. 2000 Sep;38(3):281-9. doi: 10.1002/1097-0274(200009)38:3<281::aid-ajim6>3.0.co;2-y.
This study is part of the assessment of a site in northern France polluted by lead from industrial emissions. Our objectives were to look for the factors that influence lead burden in children aged 8-11 years.
A cross-sectional population-based study took place in 1996-97 and included 400 children (200 of whom lived on the metal-polluted site).
The geometric mean of the blood-lead levels of children living on the polluted site was 39.5 microg/l (95% CI = 36.3-43.1); that of the non-exposed children was 30.6 microg/l (95% CI = 27.8-33.6) (P < 0.0001). Analysis of the variations in the mean blood-lead levels showed associations with: distance from the smelting plants (mean blood-lead level fell by a factor of 1/1.3 (95% CI = 1/1.2-1/1.4) for each km from the smelter over the range of 1-3 km and was constant thereafter) and consumption of tap water (when the water pipes were made of lead, the mean blood-lead level of children who drank tap water was twice as high (95% CI = 1.2-3.4) as that of children who did not).
The children's blood-lead levels were essentially linked to two factors: proximity to the smelters and drinking tap rather than bottled water.
本研究是对法国北部一个受工业排放铅污染场地评估的一部分。我们的目标是寻找影响8至11岁儿童铅负荷的因素。
1996 - 1997年进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究，纳入了400名儿童（其中200名生活在金属污染场地）。
生活在污染场地儿童的血铅水平几何均值为39.5微克/升（95%可信区间 = 36.3 - 43.1）；未暴露儿童的血铅水平几何均值为30.6微克/升（95%可信区间 = 27.8 - 33.6）（P < 0.0001）。对血铅水平均值变化的分析显示，其与以下因素有关：到冶炼厂的距离（在1至3公里范围内，每远离冶炼厂1公里，血铅水平均值下降1/1.3（95%可信区间 = 1/1.2 - 1/1.4），此后保持不变）以及自来水的饮用情况（当水管由铅制成时，饮用自来水的儿童血铅水平均值是不饮用自来水儿童的两倍（95%可信区间 = 1.2 - 3.4））。
儿童的血铅水平主要与两个因素有关：靠近冶炼厂以及饮用自来水而非瓶装水。
