Tinker T L
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
J Health Commun. 1996 Apr-Jun;1(2):197-217. doi: 10.1080/108107396128149.
The growth in the public's concern over a variety of environmental health risks has placed new requirements and demands on U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) agencies for information that describes and explains the nature of risk in clear and comprehensible terms. Experience has shown, however, that merely disseminating information without reliance on communication principles can lead to ineffective health messages and public health actions. This article presents the findings of a study conducted by the Subcommittee on Risk Communication and Education of the Environmental Health Policy Committee (EHPC), PHS, on how PHS agencies are communicating information about health risk; how effective these communications have been; and what specific principles, strategies, and practices best promote effective health risk communication. The purpose of the Subcommittee's study was to develop specific recommendations that would help PHS decision makers and health risk communicators improve the effectiveness of health information provided to, and received from, the public. The study suggests fundamental principles drawn from a series of case studies from PHS agencies about how best to plan and carry out risk communication activities.
公众对各种环境健康风险的关注度不断提高，这对美国公共卫生服务（PHS）机构提出了新的要求，即需要提供以清晰易懂的方式描述和解释风险性质的信息。然而，经验表明，仅仅传播信息而不依靠沟通原则可能会导致无效的健康信息和公共卫生行动。本文介绍了PHS环境卫生政策委员会（EHPC）风险沟通与教育小组委员会开展的一项研究结果，该研究涉及PHS机构如何传达有关健康风险的信息；这些沟通的效果如何；以及哪些具体原则、策略和做法最能促进有效的健康风险沟通。小组委员会开展这项研究的目的是制定具体建议，以帮助PHS的决策者和健康风险沟通者提高向公众提供以及从公众那里获取的健康信息的有效性。该研究从PHS机构的一系列案例研究中总结出了基本原则，这些原则涉及如何最好地规划和开展风险沟通活动。
