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对微管功能的结构见解。

Structural insights into microtubule function.

作者信息

Nogales E

机构信息

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

出版信息

Annu Rev Biochem. 2000;69:277-302. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.277.

Abstract

Microtubules are polymers that are essential for, among other functions, cell transport and cell division in all eukaryotes. The regulation of the microtubule system includes transcription of different tubulin isotypes, folding of /¿-tubulin heterodimers, post-translation modification of tubulin, and nucleotide-based microtubule dynamics, as well as interaction with numerous microtubule-associated proteins that are themselves regulated. The result is the precise temporal and spatial pattern of microtubules that is observed throughout the cell cycle. The recent high-resolution analysis of the structure of tubulin and the microtubule has brought new insight to the study of microtubule function and regulation, as well as the mode of action of antimitotic drugs that disrupt normal microtubule behavior. The combination of structural, genetic, biochemical, and biophysical data should soon give us a fuller understanding of the exquisite details in the regulation of the microtubule cytoskeleton.

摘要

微管是聚合物,在所有真核生物中,除了其他功能外,对细胞运输和细胞分裂至关重要。微管系统的调节包括不同微管蛋白异构体的转录、α-β微管蛋白异二聚体的折叠、微管蛋白的翻译后修饰以及基于核苷酸的微管动力学,以及与众多本身受到调节的微管相关蛋白的相互作用。结果是在整个细胞周期中观察到的微管精确的时空模式。最近对微管蛋白和微管结构的高分辨率分析为微管功能和调节的研究以及破坏正常微管行为的抗有丝分裂药物的作用方式带来了新的见解。结构、遗传、生化和生物物理数据的结合应该很快能让我们更全面地了解微管细胞骨架调节中的精细细节。

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