Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 21;25(6):3536. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063536.
Breast cancer is the second leading contributor to the age-standardized mortality rate, for both sexes and all ages worldwide. In Europe and the United States, it is the second leading cause of mortality, with an incidence rate of about 2.6 million cases per year. Noscapine, a well-known alkaloid used as a cough suppressant, demonstrated anti-tumor effects by triggering apoptosis in various cancer cell lines and has the potential to become another ally against breast, ovarian, colon, and gastric cancer, among other types of malignancy. Apoptosis plays a crucial role in the treatment of cancer. Noscapine affected , , , , and gene and protein expression in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Gene expression was higher in tumor than in normal tissue, including the BAX expression levels in lung, ovary, endometrium, colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; BCL2L1 expression in endometrium, colon, and stomach patients; CASP8 gene expression levels in lung, endometrium, colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; RELA in colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; and NFKBIA in glioblastoma patients. It can be concluded that noscapine affected genes and proteins related to apoptosis in cancer cell lines and several types of cancer patients.
乳腺癌是全球所有性别和年龄段标准化死亡率的第二大主要原因。在欧洲和美国，它是第二大致死原因，每年发病率约为 260 万例。北美黄连碱是一种常用的镇咳药，已被证明具有抗肿瘤作用，可在各种癌细胞系中引发细胞凋亡，并有可能成为对抗乳腺癌、卵巢癌、结肠癌和胃癌等其他类型恶性肿瘤的另一种有效药物。细胞凋亡在癌症治疗中起着至关重要的作用。北美黄连碱影响 MCF-7 和 MDA-MB-231 细胞系中的 、 、 、 和 基因和蛋白表达。肿瘤中的基因表达高于正常组织，包括肺癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌、结肠癌、胃癌和神经胶质瘤患者的 BAX 表达水平；子宫内膜癌、结肠癌和胃癌患者的 BCL2L1 表达水平；肺癌、子宫内膜癌、结肠癌、胃癌和神经胶质瘤患者的 CASP8 基因表达水平；结肠癌、胃癌和神经胶质瘤患者的 RELA；以及神经胶质瘤患者的 NFKBIA。可以得出结论，北美黄连碱影响了癌细胞系和几种癌症患者中与细胞凋亡相关的基因和蛋白。
