基因工程在兽医学中的应用。
Applications of genetic engineering in veterinary medicine.
作者信息
Ciftci K, Trovitch P
机构信息
Temple University, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
出版信息
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2000 Sep 15;43(1):57-64. doi: 10.1016/s0169-409x(00)00077-6.
A mutation of just one gene will cause abnormal cell behavior leading to the synthesis of a dysfunctional protein. This mutation will inevitably result in the cell functioning only marginally or not at all. Other genetic mutations interfere with the cell's normal life cycle, especially the cell-division cycle. The goal behind recombinant DNA technology is to deliver the correct version of a mutated gene to the cell so that the expression will lead to the normal production of protein and the restoration of normal cell function. This can be considered qualitatively different from other conventional treatments due to genetic material being a putative therapeutic agent. By altering the genetic material of cells, gene therapy may correct, or one day cure, the specific disease pathophysiology. Genetic engineering has been used in veterinary medicine to diagnose, prevent and treat diseases, breed different species and produce transgenic animals for therapeutic proteins or xenografting. In this review the current status of recombinant DNA technology and its application in veterinary medicine together with the obstacles to, and applications of, genetic engineering in veterinary medicine are discussed.
仅一个基因发生突变就会导致细胞行为异常，进而合成功能失调的蛋白质。这种突变将不可避免地导致细胞只能勉强发挥功能或完全无法发挥功能。其他基因突变会干扰细胞的正常生命周期，尤其是细胞分裂周期。重组DNA技术的目标是将突变基因的正确版本传递给细胞，使其表达能够导致蛋白质的正常产生并恢复细胞的正常功能。由于遗传物质是一种假定的治疗剂，这在性质上可被认为与其他传统治疗方法不同。通过改变细胞的遗传物质，基因治疗可能纠正或有朝一日治愈特定的疾病病理生理学。基因工程已被用于兽医学中诊断、预防和治疗疾病、培育不同物种以及生产用于治疗性蛋白质或异种移植的转基因动物。在这篇综述中，讨论了重组DNA技术在兽医学中的现状及其应用，以及基因工程在兽医学中面临的障碍和应用。
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