Ackermann M R, Brogden K A
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1250, USA.
Microbes Infect. 2000 Jul;2(9):1079-88. doi: 10.1016/s1286-4579(00)01262-4.
Pneumonia is a leading cause of loss to the sheep and cattle industry throughout the world. Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica is one of the most important respiratory pathogens of domestic ruminants and causes serious outbreaks of acute pneumonia in neonatal, weaned and growing lambs, calves, and goats. M. haemolytica is also an important cause of pneumonia in adult animals. Transportation, viral infections with agents such as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, parainfluenza-3 virus or bovine respiratory syncytial virus, overcrowding, housing of neonates and weaned animals together and other stressful conditions predispose animals to M. haemolytica infection [1, 2]. This review assimilates some of the findings key to cellular and molecular responses of the lung from a pathologist's perspective. It includes some of what is known and underscores areas that are not fully understood.
肺炎是全球绵羊和养牛业损失的主要原因之一。溶血曼氏杆菌（巴斯德氏菌）是家养反刍动物最重要的呼吸道病原体之一，可在新生、断奶和生长中的羔羊、犊牛和山羊中引发严重的急性肺炎疫情。溶血曼氏杆菌也是成年动物肺炎的重要病因。运输、感染性牛鼻气管炎病毒、副流感-3病毒或牛呼吸道合胞病毒等病原体引起的病毒感染、过度拥挤、新生动物和断奶动物混养以及其他应激条件会使动物易感染溶血曼氏杆菌[1,2]。本综述从病理学家的角度总结了一些关于肺细胞和分子反应的关键发现。它涵盖了一些已知的内容，并强调了尚未完全理解的领域。
